VIG vs. VO

Last updated Jun 14, 2026

VIG (Vanguard Dividend Appreciation ETF) and VO (Vanguard Mid-Cap ETF) are both exchange-traded funds - VIG is a Dividend fund tracking the S&P U.S. Dividend Growers Index, while VO is a Mid Cap Blend Equities fund tracking the CRSP US Mid Cap Index. Both are passively managed. Over the past 10 years, VIG returned 13.24%/yr vs 11.77%/yr for VO. Their correlation of 0.90 suggests significant overlap in exposure. VIG charges 0.04%/yr vs 0.03%/yr for VO.

Performance

VIG vs. VO - Performance Comparison

The chart below illustrates the hypothetical performance of a $10,000 investment in Vanguard Dividend Appreciation ETF (VIG) and Vanguard Mid-Cap ETF (VO). The values are adjusted to include any dividend payments, if applicable.

Returns By Period

In the year-to-date period, VIG achieves a 7.68% return, which is significantly lower than VO's 10.43% return. Over the past 10 years, VIG has outperformed VO with an annualized return of 13.24%, while VO has yielded a comparatively lower 11.77% annualized return.

VIG

• 1D: 0.53%
• 1M: 2.11%
• YTD: 7.68%
• 6M: 6.99%
• 1Y: 19.52%
• 3Y*: 15.98%
• 5Y*: 10.74%
• 10Y*: 13.24%

VO

• 1D: 0.97%
• 1M: 2.97%
• YTD: 10.43%
• 6M: 9.31%
• 1Y: 19.60%
• 3Y*: 15.74%
• 5Y*: 7.79%
• 10Y*: 11.77%

*Multi-year figures are annualized to reflect compound growth (CAGR)

VIG vs. VO - Yearly Performance Comparison

	2026 (YTD)	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017
VIG Vanguard Dividend Appreciation ETF	7.68%	14.17%	16.99%	14.51%	-9.80%	23.76%	15.43%	29.62%	-2.08%	22.22%
VO Vanguard Mid-Cap ETF	10.43%	11.62%	15.31%	16.03%	-18.73%	24.70%	18.10%	30.98%	-9.24%	19.28%

Correlation

The correlation between VIG and VO is 0.86, indicating a strong positive relationship between their price movements. Combining them offers limited diversification - they tend to fall together during downturns.

	Correlation
Correlation (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	0.86
Correlation (3Y) Calculated over the trailing 3-year period	0.89
Correlation (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period	0.90
Correlation (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period	0.89
Correlation (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history since Apr 27, 2006	0.90

The correlation between VIG and VO has been stable across timeframes, ranging from 0.86 to 0.90 - a consistent structural relationship.

VIG vs. VO - Sectors Allocation Comparison

Sectors	VIG	VO
Technology	26.2%	18.6%
Financial Services	20.6%	12.8%
Healthcare	16.5%	7.6%
Industrials	11.8%	17.9%
Consumer Defensive	10.1%	4.8%
Consumer Cyclical	4.7%	8.6%
Energy	3.5%	8.5%
Basic Materials	3.5%	4.2%
Utilities	3.2%	8.3%
Communication Services	0.5%	3.1%
Real Estate	-	5.4%

Return for Risk

VIG vs. VO — Risk / Return Rank

Compare risk-adjusted metric ranks to identify better-performing investments over the past 12 months.

VIG

VIG Risk / Return Rank: 60
VIG Sharpe Ratio Rank: 63
VIG Sortino Ratio Rank: 66
VIG Omega Ratio Rank: 61
VIG Calmar Ratio Rank: 53
VIG Martin Ratio Rank: 60

VO

VO Risk / Return Rank: 49
VO Sharpe Ratio Rank: 47
VO Sortino Ratio Rank: 46
VO Omega Ratio Rank: 44
VO Calmar Ratio Rank: 51
VO Martin Ratio Rank: 55

The rank (0–100) shows how this investment's returns compare to the risk taken. Higher = better. Based on the past 12 months of data, combining Sharpe, Sortino, and other metrics used by quantitative funds and institutional investors.

VIG vs. VO - Risk-Adjusted Trends Comparison

This table presents a comparison of risk-adjusted performance metrics for Vanguard Dividend Appreciation ETF (VIG) and Vanguard Mid-Cap ETF (VO). Risk-adjusted metrics are performance indicators that assess an investment's returns in relation to its risk, enabling a more accurate comparison of different investment options.

Values are calculated on a 1-year rolling basis and updated daily. Risk-adjusted metrics are more stable over longer periods — use the period switch above to explore them.

	VIG	VO	Difference
Sharpe ratio: Return per unit of total volatility	1.80	1.43	+0.37
Sortino ratio: Return per unit of downside risk	2.61	2.05	+0.56
Omega ratio: Gain probability vs. loss probability	1.32	1.25	+0.07
Calmar ratio: Return relative to maximum drawdown	2.32	2.23	+0.08
Martin ratio: Return relative to average drawdown	9.34	8.44	+0.90

VIG vs. VO - Sharpe Ratio Comparison

The current VIG Sharpe Ratio is 1.80, which is comparable to the VO Sharpe Ratio of 1.43. The chart below compares the historical Sharpe Ratios of VIG and VO, calculated using daily returns over the previous 12 months. A higher Sharpe Ratio indicates better risk-adjusted performance relative to the risk-free rate.

Drawdowns

VIG vs. VO - Drawdown Comparison

The maximum VIG drawdown since its inception was -46.81%, smaller than the maximum VO drawdown of -58.87%. Use the drawdown chart below to compare losses from any high point for VIG and VO.

Drawdown Indicators

	VIG	VO	Difference
Max Drawdown Largest peak-to-trough decline	-46.81%	-58.87%	+12.06%
Max Drawdown (1Y) Largest decline over 1 year	-7.91%	-8.17%	+0.26%
Max Drawdown (3Y) Largest decline over 3 years	-14.95%	-19.02%	+4.07%
Max Drawdown (5Y) Largest decline over 5 years	-20.39%	-27.57%	+7.18%
Max Drawdown (10Y) Largest decline over 10 years	-31.72%	-39.37%	+7.65%
Current Drawdown Current decline from peak	-0.33%	-0.45%	+0.12%
Average Drawdown Average peak-to-trough decline	-5.51%	-7.85%	+2.34%
Ulcer Index Depth and duration of drawdowns from previous peaks	1.96%	2.16%	-0.20%

Volatility

VIG vs. VO - Volatility Comparison

The current volatility for Vanguard Dividend Appreciation ETF (VIG) is 2.93%, while Vanguard Mid-Cap ETF (VO) has a volatility of 4.31%. This indicates that VIG experiences smaller price fluctuations and is considered to be less risky than VO based on this measure. The chart below showcases a comparison of their rolling one-month volatility.

Volatility by Period

	VIG	VO	Difference
Volatility (1M) Calculated over the trailing 1-month period	2.93%	4.31%	-1.38%
Volatility (6M) Calculated over the trailing 6-month period	7.78%	9.71%	-1.93%
Volatility (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	10.19%	12.74%	-2.55%
Volatility (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period, annualized	14.25%	17.65%	-3.40%
Volatility (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period, annualized	16.06%	18.96%	-2.90%

VIG vs. VO - Expense Ratio Comparison

VIG has a 0.04% expense ratio, which is higher than VO's 0.03% expense ratio. However, both funds are considered low-cost compared to the broader market, where average expense ratios usually range from 0.3% to 0.9%.

Dividends

VIG vs. VO - Dividend Comparison

VIG's dividend yield for the trailing twelve months is around 1.47%, more than VO's 1.36% yield.

Position	TTM	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017	2016	2015
VIG Vanguard Dividend Appreciation ETF	1.47%	1.62%	1.73%	1.88%	1.96%	1.55%	1.63%	1.71%	2.08%	1.88%	2.14%	2.34%
VO Vanguard Mid-Cap ETF	1.36%	1.52%	1.49%	1.52%	1.60%	1.12%	1.45%	1.48%	1.82%	1.35%	1.45%	1.47%

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I hold both VIG and VO in my portfolio?

VIG and VO have a correlation of 0.86, meaning they provide meaningful diversification benefit when combined. Depending on your allocation goals, holding both could reduce overall portfolio risk.

Which is riskier, VIG or VO?

VO has higher volatility (4.31%) compared to VIG (2.93%). In terms of maximum drawdown, VIG dropped -46.81% vs VO's -58.87%.

Which ETF is better, VIG or VO?

On 10-year performance, VIG leads with 13.24% vs 11.77% for VO. On fees, VO is cheaper at 0.03% per year. On volatility, VIG has been the lower-risk option at 2.93%. The better choice depends on whether you care most about return, fees, risk, or income.

Which ETF has performed better, VIG or VO?

Over the 10-year period, VIG has performed better with a 13.24% return vs 11.77%. Past performance does not guarantee future results, so compare this with risk, fees, and fund exposure.

Which ETF is cheaper, VIG or VO?

VO is cheaper with a 0.03% expense ratio, compared with 0.04% for VIG.

Which ETF pays a higher dividend yield, VIG or VO?

VIG has the higher dividend yield at 1.47%, compared with 1.36% for VO.

What is the main difference between VIG and VO?

VIG is categorized as Dividend, while VO is Mid Cap Blend Equities. VIG tracks S&P U.S. Dividend Growers Index, while VO tracks CRSP US Mid Cap Index. Their fees differ too: 0.04% for VIG and 0.03% for VO.

Which has better risk-adjusted returns?

VIG currently has the higher Sharpe Ratio (1.80 vs 1.43), meaning it's delivered slightly more return per unit of risk over the trailing 12 months. However, this ranking shifts over time - use the Risk/Return Score above for a more comprehensive view that combines Sharpe, Sortino, and other measures used by quantitative funds.