VTWO vs. IVOO

Last updated Aug 4, 2026

VTWO (Vanguard Russell 2000 ETF) and IVOO (Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF) are both exchange-traded funds - VTWO is a Small Cap Blend Equities fund tracking the Russell 2000 Index, while IVOO is a Mid Cap Blend Equities fund tracking the S&P MidCap 400 Index. Both are passively managed. Over the past 10 years, VTWO returned 10.77%/yr vs 10.93%/yr for IVOO. Their correlation of 0.94 means they have usually moved in the same direction. VTWO charges 0.06%/yr vs 0.07%/yr for IVOO.

Performance

VTWO vs. IVOO - Performance Comparison

The chart below illustrates the hypothetical performance of a $10,000 investment in Vanguard Russell 2000 ETF (VTWO) and Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF (IVOO). The values are adjusted to include any dividend payments, if applicable.

Returns By Period

In the year-to-date period, VTWO achieves a 20.92% return, which is significantly higher than IVOO's 15.90% return. Both investments have delivered pretty close results over the past 10 years, with VTWO having a 10.77% annualized return and IVOO not far ahead at 10.93%.

VTWO

• 1D: 1.69%
• 1M: -0.42%
• 6M: 13.61%
• YTD: 20.92%
• 1Y: 39.49%
• 3Y*: 16.67%
• 5Y*: 7.83%
• 10Y*: 10.77%
• ALL TIME*: 11.43%

IVOO

• 1D: 1.15%
• 1M: 0.12%
• 6M: 10.44%
• YTD: 15.90%
• 1Y: 24.27%
• 3Y*: 14.01%
• 5Y*: 8.83%
• 10Y*: 10.93%
• ALL TIME*: 12.26%

*Multi-year figures are annualized to reflect compound growth (CAGR)

Liquidity Comparison

Position	Avg. Volume Value (2W)	Avg. Volume Value (1M)	Avg. Volume Value (3M)
IVOO Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF	$9.81M	$9.39M	$9.90M
VTWO Vanguard Russell 2000 ETF	$175.64M	$193.82M	$227.97M

VTWO vs. IVOO - Yearly Performance Comparison

	2026 (YTD)	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017
VTWO Vanguard Russell 2000 ETF	20.92%	12.90%	11.55%	17.08%	-20.49%	14.79%	20.22%	25.81%	-11.15%	14.69%
IVOO Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF	15.90%	7.47%	13.77%	16.45%	-13.17%	24.61%	13.61%	26.18%	-11.33%	16.38%

Correlation

The correlation between VTWO and IVOO is 0.91, meaning they have usually moved in the same direction, including during past declines.

	Correlation
Correlation (1Y) Focuses on recent behavior, but can change the most.	0.91
Correlation (3Y) Balances recent behavior with more history.	0.94
Correlation (5Y) Shows whether the relationship held over a longer period.	0.95
Correlation (10Y) Provides a long-term view across more market conditions.	0.95
Correlation (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history since Sep 22, 2010	0.94

The correlation between VTWO and IVOO has been stable across timeframes, ranging from 0.91 to 0.95 - a consistent structural relationship.

VTWO vs. IVOO - Sectors Allocation Comparison

Sectors	VTWO	IVOO
Healthcare	20.2%	8.9%
Financial Services	17.6%	13.8%
Technology	14.8%	17.4%
Industrials	14.1%	25.4%
Consumer Cyclical	9.2%	10.5%
Real Estate	6.7%	7.2%
Energy	5.4%	4.6%
Basic Materials	4.4%	4.8%
Utilities	2.7%	2.8%
Consumer Defensive	2.6%	3.2%
Communication Services	2.2%	1.5%

Return for Risk

VTWO vs. IVOO — Risk / Return Rank

Compare historical risk-adjusted metric ranks over the past 12 months.

VTWO

VTWO Risk / Return Rank: 85
VTWO Sharpe Ratio Rank: 86
VTWO Sortino Ratio Rank: 85
VTWO Omega Ratio Rank: 80
VTWO Calmar Ratio Rank: 88
VTWO Martin Ratio Rank: 87

IVOO

IVOO Risk / Return Rank: 70
IVOO Sharpe Ratio Rank: 66
IVOO Sortino Ratio Rank: 69
IVOO Omega Ratio Rank: 64
IVOO Calmar Ratio Rank: 76
IVOO Martin Ratio Rank: 77

The rank (0–100) uses a weighted average of the Sharpe, Sortino, Omega, Calmar, and Martin percentile ranks for the trailing 12 months. Higher means stronger historical risk-adjusted performance within the peer group.

VTWO vs. IVOO - Risk-Adjusted Trends Comparison

This table presents a comparison of risk-adjusted performance metrics for Vanguard Russell 2000 ETF (VTWO) and Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF (IVOO). Risk-adjusted metrics are performance indicators that assess an investment's returns in relation to its risk, enabling a more accurate comparison of different investment options.

Values are calculated on a 1-year rolling basis and updated daily. Risk-adjusted metrics are more stable over longer periods — use the period switch above to explore them.

	VTWO	IVOO	Difference
Sharpe ratio: Return per unit of total volatility	2.06	1.56	+0.50
Sortino ratio: Return per unit of downside risk	2.87	2.29	+0.58
Omega ratio: Gain probability vs. loss probability	1.34	1.28	+0.06
Calmar ratio: Return relative to maximum drawdown	3.61	2.77	+0.84
Martin ratio: Return relative to average drawdown	12.83	10.07	+2.76

VTWO vs. IVOO - Sharpe Ratio Comparison

The current VTWO Sharpe Ratio is 2.06, which is higher than the IVOO Sharpe Ratio of 1.56. The chart below compares the historical Sharpe Ratios of VTWO and IVOO, calculated using daily returns over the previous 12 months. A higher Sharpe Ratio indicates better risk-adjusted performance relative to the risk-free rate.

Drawdowns

VTWO vs. IVOO - Drawdown Comparison

The maximum VTWO drawdown since its inception was -41.19%, roughly equal to the maximum IVOO drawdown of -42.33%. Use the drawdown chart below to compare losses from any high point for VTWO and IVOO.

Drawdown Indicators

	VTWO	IVOO	Difference
Max Drawdown Largest peak-to-trough decline	-41.19%	-42.33%	+1.14%
Max Drawdown (1Y) Largest decline over 1 year	-10.99%	-8.81%	-2.18%
Max Drawdown (3Y) Largest decline over 3 years	-27.57%	-24.22%	-3.35%
Max Drawdown (5Y) Largest decline over 5 years	-31.88%	-24.22%	-7.66%
Max Drawdown (10Y) Largest decline over 10 years	-41.19%	-42.33%	+1.14%
Current Drawdown Current decline from peak	-1.40%	-1.20%	-0.20%
Average Drawdown Average peak-to-trough decline	-8.32%	-5.23%	-3.09%
Ulcer Index Depth and duration of drawdowns from previous peaks	3.09%	2.42%	+0.67%

Volatility

VTWO vs. IVOO - Volatility Comparison

Vanguard Russell 2000 ETF (VTWO) has a higher volatility of 4.16% compared to Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF (IVOO) at 3.61%. This indicates that VTWO's price experiences larger fluctuations and is considered to be riskier than IVOO based on this measure. The chart below showcases a comparison of their rolling one-month volatility.

Volatility by Period

	VTWO	IVOO	Difference
Volatility (1M) Calculated over the trailing 1-month period	4.16%	3.61%	+0.55%
Volatility (6M) Calculated over the trailing 6-month period	14.11%	11.64%	+2.47%
Volatility (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	19.30%	15.68%	+3.62%
Volatility (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period, annualized	22.45%	19.66%	+2.79%
Volatility (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period, annualized	23.07%	21.16%	+1.91%

VTWO vs. IVOO - Expense Ratio Comparison

VTWO has a 0.06% expense ratio, which is lower than IVOO's 0.07% expense ratio. Despite the difference, both funds are considered low-cost compared to the broader market, where average expense ratios usually range from 0.3% to 0.9%.

Dividends

VTWO vs. IVOO - Dividend Comparison

VTWO's dividend yield for the trailing twelve months is around 1.09%, less than IVOO's 1.17% yield.

Position	TTM	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017	2016	2015
IVOO Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF	1.17%	1.35%	1.30%	1.25%	1.58%	1.14%	1.23%	1.49%	1.56%	1.22%	1.37%	1.45%
VTWO Vanguard Russell 2000 ETF	1.09%	1.25%	1.21%	1.45%	1.48%	1.13%	0.92%	1.36%	1.41%	1.18%	1.27%	1.23%

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I hold both VTWO and IVOO in my portfolio?

With a correlation of 0.91, VTWO and IVOO move almost identically. Holding both adds very little diversification - you're essentially doubling your position in the same market segment. Choosing one is usually more capital-efficient.

Which is riskier, VTWO or IVOO?

VTWO has higher volatility (4.16%) compared to IVOO (3.61%). In terms of maximum drawdown, VTWO dropped -41.19% vs IVOO's -42.33%.

Which ETF is better, VTWO or IVOO?

On 10-year performance, IVOO leads with 10.93% vs 10.77% for VTWO. On fees, VTWO is cheaper at 0.06% per year. On volatility, IVOO has been the lower-risk option at 3.61%. The better choice depends on whether you care most about return, fees, risk, or income.

Which ETF has performed better, VTWO or IVOO?

Over the 10-year period, IVOO has performed better with a 10.93% return vs 10.77%. Past performance does not guarantee future results, so compare this with risk, fees, and fund exposure.

Which ETF is cheaper, VTWO or IVOO?

VTWO is cheaper with a 0.06% expense ratio, compared with 0.07% for IVOO.

Which ETF pays a higher dividend yield, VTWO or IVOO?

IVOO has the higher dividend yield at 1.17%, compared with 1.09% for VTWO.

What is the main difference between VTWO and IVOO?

VTWO is categorized as Small Cap Blend Equities, while IVOO is Mid Cap Blend Equities. VTWO tracks Russell 2000 Index, while IVOO tracks S&P MidCap 400 Index. Their fees differ too: 0.06% for VTWO and 0.07% for IVOO.

Which has better risk-adjusted returns?

VTWO currently has the higher Sharpe Ratio (2.06 vs 1.56), meaning it's delivered slightly more return per unit of risk over the trailing 12 months. However, this ranking shifts over time - use the Risk/Return Score above for a more comprehensive view that combines Sharpe, Sortino, and other measures used by quantitative funds.