IVOO vs. VIOG

Last updated Apr 1, 2026

Compare and contrast key facts about Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF (IVOO) and Vanguard S&P Small-Cap 600 Growth ETF (VIOG).

IVOO and VIOG are both exchange-traded funds (ETFs), meaning they are traded on stock exchanges and can be bought and sold throughout the day. IVOO is a passively managed fund by Vanguard that tracks the performance of the S&P MidCap 400 Index. It was launched on Sep 7, 2010. VIOG is a passively managed fund by Vanguard that tracks the performance of the S&P SmallCap 600 Growth Index. It was launched on Sep 7, 2010. Both IVOO and VIOG are passive ETFs, meaning that they are not actively managed but aim to replicate the performance of the underlying index as closely as possible.

Performance

IVOO vs. VIOG - Performance Comparison

The chart below illustrates the hypothetical performance of a $10,000 investment in Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF (IVOO) and Vanguard S&P Small-Cap 600 Growth ETF (VIOG). The values are adjusted to include any dividend payments, if applicable.

IVOO vs. VIOG - Yearly Performance Comparison

	2026 (YTD)	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017
IVOO Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF	2.57%	7.47%	13.77%	16.45%	-13.17%	24.61%	13.61%	26.18%	-11.33%	16.38%
VIOG Vanguard S&P Small-Cap 600 Growth ETF	2.81%	5.40%	9.23%	16.92%	-21.14%	22.49%	19.68%	21.16%	-4.57%	14.70%

Returns By Period

In the year-to-date period, IVOO achieves a 2.57% return, which is significantly lower than VIOG's 2.81% return. Over the past 10 years, IVOO has outperformed VIOG with an annualized return of 10.44%, while VIOG has yielded a comparatively lower 9.89% annualized return.

IVOO

• 1D: 2.97%
• 1M: -5.28%
• YTD: 2.57%
• 6M: 4.28%
• 1Y: 17.42%
• 3Y*: 12.05%
• 5Y*: 6.55%
• 10Y*: 10.44%

VIOG

• 1D: 3.50%
• 1M: -4.59%
• YTD: 2.81%
• 6M: 2.72%
• 1Y: 17.58%
• 3Y*: 10.75%
• 5Y*: 3.16%
• 10Y*: 9.89%

*Multi-year figures are annualized to reflect compound growth (CAGR)

IVOO vs. VIOG - Expense Ratio Comparison

IVOO has a 0.10% expense ratio, which is lower than VIOG's 0.15% expense ratio. Despite the difference, both funds are considered low-cost compared to the broader market, where average expense ratios usually range from 0.3% to 0.9%.

VIOG

Vanguard S&P Small-Cap 600 Growth ETF

IVOO

Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF

Return for Risk

IVOO vs. VIOG — Risk / Return Rank

Compare risk-adjusted metric ranks to identify better-performing investments over the past 12 months.

IVOO

IVOO Risk / Return Rank: 52
IVOO Sharpe Ratio Rank: 48
IVOO Sortino Ratio Rank: 52
IVOO Omega Ratio Rank: 50
IVOO Calmar Ratio Rank: 53
IVOO Martin Ratio Rank: 59

VIOG

VIOG Risk / Return Rank: 51
VIOG Sharpe Ratio Rank: 47
VIOG Sortino Ratio Rank: 50
VIOG Omega Ratio Rank: 45
VIOG Calmar Ratio Rank: 56
VIOG Martin Ratio Rank: 58

The rank (0–100) shows how this investment's returns compare to the risk taken. Higher = better. Based on the past 12 months of data, combining Sharpe, Sortino, and other metrics used by quantitative funds and institutional investors.

IVOO vs. VIOG - Risk-Adjusted Trends Comparison

This table presents a comparison of risk-adjusted performance metrics for Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF (IVOO) and Vanguard S&P Small-Cap 600 Growth ETF (VIOG). Risk-adjusted metrics are performance indicators that assess an investment's returns in relation to its risk, enabling a more accurate comparison of different investment options.

	IVOO	VIOG	Difference
Sharpe ratio Return per unit of total volatility	0.82	0.80	+0.02
Sortino ratio Return per unit of downside risk	1.30	1.28	+0.02
Omega ratio Gain probability vs. loss probability	1.18	1.17	+0.01
Calmar ratio Return relative to maximum drawdown	1.24	1.33	-0.09
Martin ratio Return relative to average drawdown	5.38	5.39	-0.01
Data is calculated on a 1-year rolling basis and updated daily. The trend shows the change in the indicator over the past month.

IVOO vs. VIOG - Sharpe Ratio Comparison

The current IVOO Sharpe Ratio is 0.82, which is comparable to the VIOG Sharpe Ratio of 0.80. The chart below compares the historical Sharpe Ratios of IVOO and VIOG, offering insights into how both investments have performed under varying market conditions. These values are calculated using daily returns over the previous 12 months.

Sharpe Ratios by Period

	IVOO	VIOG	Difference
Sharpe Ratio (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	0.82	0.80	+0.02
Sharpe Ratio (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period	0.33	0.15	+0.19
Sharpe Ratio (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period	0.49	0.43	+0.06
Sharpe Ratio (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history	0.58	0.56	+0.02

Correlation

The correlation between IVOO and VIOG is 0.91, which is considered to be high. That indicates a strong positive relationship between their price movements. Having highly-correlated positions in a portfolio may signal a lack of diversification, potentially leading to increased risk during market downturns.

Dividends

IVOO vs. VIOG - Dividend Comparison

IVOO's dividend yield for the trailing twelve months is around 1.32%, more than VIOG's 0.94% yield.

	TTM	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017	2016	2015
IVOO Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF	1.32%	1.35%	1.30%	1.25%	1.58%	1.14%	1.23%	1.49%	1.56%	1.22%	1.37%	1.45%
VIOG Vanguard S&P Small-Cap 600 Growth ETF	0.94%	1.04%	1.03%	1.15%	1.17%	0.69%	0.68%	1.09%	0.76%	0.87%	0.92%	1.04%

Drawdowns

IVOO vs. VIOG - Drawdown Comparison

The maximum IVOO drawdown since its inception was -42.33%, roughly equal to the maximum VIOG drawdown of -41.73%. Use the drawdown chart below to compare losses from any high point for IVOO and VIOG.

Drawdown Indicators

	IVOO	VIOG	Difference
Max Drawdown Largest peak-to-trough decline	-42.33%	-41.73%	-0.60%
Max Drawdown (1Y) Largest decline over 1 year	-14.17%	-13.82%	-0.35%
Max Drawdown (5Y) Largest decline over 5 years	-24.22%	-29.15%	+4.93%
Max Drawdown (10Y) Largest decline over 10 years	-42.33%	-41.73%	-0.60%
Current Drawdown Current decline from peak	-6.10%	-5.85%	-0.25%
Average Drawdown Average peak-to-trough decline	-5.31%	-7.69%	+2.38%
Ulcer Index Depth and duration of drawdowns from previous peaks	3.27%	3.41%	-0.14%

Volatility

IVOO vs. VIOG - Volatility Comparison

The current volatility for Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF (IVOO) is 6.56%, while Vanguard S&P Small-Cap 600 Growth ETF (VIOG) has a volatility of 7.21%. This indicates that IVOO experiences smaller price fluctuations and is considered to be less risky than VIOG based on this measure. The chart below showcases a comparison of their rolling one-month volatility.

Volatility by Period

	IVOO	VIOG	Difference
Volatility (1M) Calculated over the trailing 1-month period	6.56%	7.21%	-0.65%
Volatility (6M) Calculated over the trailing 6-month period	11.90%	13.04%	-1.14%
Volatility (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	21.22%	22.01%	-0.79%
Volatility (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period, annualized	19.73%	21.54%	-1.81%
Volatility (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period, annualized	21.17%	22.82%	-1.65%