IVOO vs. VIOV

Last updated Jul 29, 2026

IVOO (Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF) and VIOV (Vanguard S&P Small-Cap 600 Value ETF) are both exchange-traded funds - IVOO is a Mid Cap Blend Equities fund tracking the S&P MidCap 400 Index, while VIOV is a Small Cap Value Equities fund tracking the S&P SmallCap 600 Value Index. Both are passively managed. Over the past 10 years, IVOO returned 10.94%/yr vs 10.26%/yr for VIOV. Their correlation of 0.89 means they have usually moved in the same direction. IVOO charges 0.07%/yr vs 0.10%/yr for VIOV.

Performance

IVOO vs. VIOV - Performance Comparison

The chart below illustrates the hypothetical performance of a $10,000 investment in Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF (IVOO) and Vanguard S&P Small-Cap 600 Value ETF (VIOV). The values are adjusted to include any dividend payments, if applicable.

Returns By Period

In the year-to-date period, IVOO achieves a 15.75% return, which is significantly lower than VIOV's 21.56% return. Over the past 10 years, IVOO has outperformed VIOV with an annualized return of 10.94%, while VIOV has yielded a comparatively lower 10.26% annualized return.

IVOO

• 1D: 0.05%
• 1M: -0.26%
• 6M: 9.76%
• YTD: 15.75%
• 1Y: 19.89%
• 3Y*: 13.43%
• 5Y*: 8.60%
• 10Y*: 10.94%
• ALL TIME*: 12.27%

VIOV

• 1D: 0.79%
• 1M: 0.60%
• 6M: 13.89%
• YTD: 21.56%
• 1Y: 34.26%
• 3Y*: 13.23%
• 5Y*: 8.15%
• 10Y*: 10.26%
• ALL TIME*: 11.92%

*Multi-year figures are annualized to reflect compound growth (CAGR)

Liquidity Comparison

Position	Avg. Volume Value (2W)	Avg. Volume Value (1M)	Avg. Volume Value (3M)
IVOO Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF	$9.36M	$11.19M	$9.88M
VIOV Vanguard S&P Small-Cap 600 Value ETF	$4.95M	$4.82M	$5.52M

IVOO vs. VIOV - Yearly Performance Comparison

	2026 (YTD)	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017
IVOO Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF	15.75%	7.47%	13.77%	16.45%	-13.17%	24.61%	13.61%	26.18%	-11.33%	16.38%
VIOV Vanguard S&P Small-Cap 600 Value ETF	21.56%	6.63%	7.44%	15.36%	-11.37%	30.67%	2.81%	24.44%	-12.85%	11.54%

Correlation

The correlation between IVOO and VIOV is 0.88, meaning they have usually moved in the same direction, including during past declines.

	Correlation
Correlation (1Y) Focuses on recent behavior, but can change the most.	0.88
Correlation (3Y) Balances recent behavior with more history.	0.91
Correlation (5Y) Shows whether the relationship held over a longer period.	0.93
Correlation (10Y) Provides a long-term view across more market conditions.	0.92
Correlation (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history since Sep 9, 2010	0.89

The correlation between IVOO and VIOV has been stable across timeframes, ranging from 0.88 to 0.93 - a consistent structural relationship.

IVOO vs. VIOV - Sectors Allocation Comparison

Sectors	IVOO	VIOV
Industrials	25.4%	12.2%
Technology	17.4%	13.5%
Financial Services	13.8%	20.3%
Consumer Cyclical	10.5%	15.3%
Healthcare	8.9%	7.5%
Real Estate	7.2%	8.5%
Basic Materials	4.8%	6.1%
Energy	4.6%	6.0%
Consumer Defensive	3.2%	5.0%
Utilities	2.8%	2.0%
Communication Services	1.5%	3.8%

Return for Risk

IVOO vs. VIOV — Risk / Return Rank

Compare risk-adjusted metric ranks to identify better-performing investments over the past 12 months.

IVOO

IVOO Risk / Return Rank: 59
IVOO Sharpe Ratio Rank: 54
IVOO Sortino Ratio Rank: 56
IVOO Omega Ratio Rank: 52
IVOO Calmar Ratio Rank: 65
IVOO Martin Ratio Rank: 68

VIOV

VIOV Risk / Return Rank: 85
VIOV Sharpe Ratio Rank: 84
VIOV Sortino Ratio Rank: 86
VIOV Omega Ratio Rank: 79
VIOV Calmar Ratio Rank: 88
VIOV Martin Ratio Rank: 87

The rank (0–100) shows how this investment's returns compare to the risk taken. Higher = better. Based on the past 12 months of data, combining Sharpe, Sortino, and other metrics used by quantitative funds and institutional investors.

IVOO vs. VIOV - Risk-Adjusted Trends Comparison

This table presents a comparison of risk-adjusted performance metrics for Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF (IVOO) and Vanguard S&P Small-Cap 600 Value ETF (VIOV). Risk-adjusted metrics are performance indicators that assess an investment's returns in relation to its risk, enabling a more accurate comparison of different investment options.

Values are calculated on a 1-year rolling basis and updated daily. Risk-adjusted metrics are more stable over longer periods — use the period switch above to explore them.

	IVOO	VIOV	Difference
Sharpe ratio: Return per unit of total volatility	1.28	1.93	-0.65
Sortino ratio: Return per unit of downside risk	1.93	2.82	-0.90
Omega ratio: Gain probability vs. loss probability	1.23	1.33	-0.10
Calmar ratio: Return relative to maximum drawdown	2.27	3.69	-1.42
Martin ratio: Return relative to average drawdown	8.18	12.51	-4.33

IVOO vs. VIOV - Sharpe Ratio Comparison

The current IVOO Sharpe Ratio is 1.28, which is lower than the VIOV Sharpe Ratio of 1.93. The chart below compares the historical Sharpe Ratios of IVOO and VIOV, calculated using daily returns over the previous 12 months. A higher Sharpe Ratio indicates better risk-adjusted performance relative to the risk-free rate.

Drawdowns

IVOO vs. VIOV - Drawdown Comparison

The maximum IVOO drawdown since its inception was -42.33%, smaller than the maximum VIOV drawdown of -47.36%. Use the drawdown chart below to compare losses from any high point for IVOO and VIOV.

Drawdown Indicators

	IVOO	VIOV	Difference
Max Drawdown Largest peak-to-trough decline	-42.33%	-47.36%	+5.03%
Max Drawdown (1Y) Largest decline over 1 year	-8.81%	-9.33%	+0.52%
Max Drawdown (3Y) Largest decline over 3 years	-24.22%	-28.44%	+4.22%
Max Drawdown (5Y) Largest decline over 5 years	-24.22%	-28.44%	+4.22%
Max Drawdown (10Y) Largest decline over 10 years	-42.33%	-47.36%	+5.03%
Current Drawdown Current decline from peak	-1.33%	-0.50%	-0.83%
Average Drawdown Average peak-to-trough decline	-5.23%	-7.32%	+2.09%
Ulcer Index Depth and duration of drawdowns from previous peaks	2.44%	2.77%	-0.33%

Volatility

IVOO vs. VIOV - Volatility Comparison

The current volatility for Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF (IVOO) is 3.08%, while Vanguard S&P Small-Cap 600 Value ETF (VIOV) has a volatility of 3.42%. This indicates that IVOO experiences smaller price fluctuations and is considered to be less risky than VIOV based on this measure. The chart below showcases a comparison of their rolling one-month volatility.

Volatility by Period

	IVOO	VIOV	Difference
Volatility (1M) Calculated over the trailing 1-month period	3.08%	3.42%	-0.34%
Volatility (6M) Calculated over the trailing 6-month period	11.47%	11.10%	+0.37%
Volatility (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	15.64%	17.81%	-2.17%
Volatility (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period, annualized	19.64%	21.68%	-2.04%
Volatility (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period, annualized	21.15%	23.83%	-2.68%

IVOO vs. VIOV - Expense Ratio Comparison

IVOO has a 0.07% expense ratio, which is lower than VIOV's 0.10% expense ratio. Despite the difference, both funds are considered low-cost compared to the broader market, where average expense ratios usually range from 0.3% to 0.9%.

Dividends

IVOO vs. VIOV - Dividend Comparison

IVOO's dividend yield for the trailing twelve months is around 1.17%, less than VIOV's 1.66% yield.

Position	TTM	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017	2016	2015
IVOO Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF	1.17%	1.35%	1.30%	1.25%	1.58%	1.14%	1.23%	1.49%	1.56%	1.22%	1.37%	1.45%
VIOV Vanguard S&P Small-Cap 600 Value ETF	1.66%	1.69%	1.78%	2.18%	1.81%	1.59%	1.42%	1.60%	1.76%	1.43%	1.17%	1.32%

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I hold both IVOO and VIOV in my portfolio?

IVOO and VIOV have a correlation of 0.88, meaning they provide meaningful diversification benefit when combined. Depending on your allocation goals, holding both could reduce overall portfolio risk.

Which is riskier, IVOO or VIOV?

VIOV has higher volatility (3.42%) compared to IVOO (3.08%). In terms of maximum drawdown, IVOO dropped -42.33% vs VIOV's -47.36%.

Which ETF is better, IVOO or VIOV?

On 10-year performance, IVOO leads with 10.94% vs 10.26% for VIOV. On fees, IVOO is cheaper at 0.07% per year. On volatility, IVOO has been the lower-risk option at 3.08%. The better choice depends on whether you care most about return, fees, risk, or income.

Which ETF has performed better, IVOO or VIOV?

Over the 10-year period, IVOO has performed better with a 10.94% return vs 10.26%. Past performance does not guarantee future results, so compare this with risk, fees, and fund exposure.

Which ETF is cheaper, IVOO or VIOV?

IVOO is cheaper with a 0.07% expense ratio, compared with 0.10% for VIOV.

Which ETF pays a higher dividend yield, IVOO or VIOV?

VIOV has the higher dividend yield at 1.66%, compared with 1.17% for IVOO.

What is the main difference between IVOO and VIOV?

IVOO is categorized as Mid Cap Blend Equities, while VIOV is Small Cap Value Equities. IVOO tracks S&P MidCap 400 Index, while VIOV tracks S&P SmallCap 600 Value Index. Their fees differ too: 0.07% for IVOO and 0.10% for VIOV.

Which has better risk-adjusted returns?

VIOV currently has the higher Sharpe Ratio (1.93 vs 1.28), meaning it's delivered slightly more return per unit of risk over the trailing 12 months. However, this ranking shifts over time - use the Risk/Return Score above for a more comprehensive view that combines Sharpe, Sortino, and other measures used by quantitative funds.