VOO vs. BIL
VOO (Vanguard S&P 500 ETF) and BIL (SPDR Bloomberg 1-3 Month T-Bill ETF) are both exchange-traded funds - VOO is a S&P 500 fund tracking the S&P 500 Index, while BIL is a Government Bonds fund tracking the Bloomberg 1-3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill Index. Both are passively managed. Over the past 10 years, VOO returned 15.50%/yr vs 2.20%/yr for BIL. At a correlation of -0.00, they often move in opposite directions. VOO charges 0.03%/yr vs 0.14%/yr for BIL.
Performance
VOO vs. BIL - Performance Comparison
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Returns By Period
In the year-to-date period, VOO achieves a 9.08% return, which is significantly higher than BIL's 1.60% return. Over the past 10 years, VOO has outperformed BIL with an annualized return of 15.50%, while BIL has yielded a comparatively lower 2.20% annualized return.
VOO
- 1D
- 0.55%
- 1M
- -0.07%
- YTD
- 9.08%
- 6M
- 9.44%
- 1Y
- 24.36%
- 3Y*
- 20.95%
- 5Y*
- 13.43%
- 10Y*
- 15.50%
BIL
- 1D
- 0.03%
- 1M
- 0.32%
- YTD
- 1.60%
- 6M
- 1.76%
- 1Y
- 3.89%
- 3Y*
- 4.63%
- 5Y*
- 3.43%
- 10Y*
- 2.20%
VOO vs. BIL - Yearly Performance Comparison
| 2026 (YTD) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
VOO Vanguard S&P 500 ETF | 9.08% | 17.82% | 24.98% | 26.32% | -18.17% | 28.79% | 18.32% | 31.37% | -4.50% | 21.77% |
BIL SPDR Bloomberg 1-3 Month T-Bill ETF | 1.60% | 4.15% | 5.19% | 4.94% | 1.40% | -0.10% | 0.40% | 2.03% | 1.74% | 0.69% |
Correlation
The correlation between VOO and BIL is -0.06, meaning there is essentially no relationship between their price movements. Each responds to its own set of market drivers, making them strong candidates for combining in a diversified portfolio.
| Correlation | |
|---|---|
Correlation (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period | -0.06 |
Correlation (3Y) Calculated over the trailing 3-year period | -0.05 |
Correlation (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period | -0.01 |
Correlation (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period | 0.01 |
Correlation (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history since Sep 9, 2010 | -0.00 |
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Return for Risk
VOO vs. BIL — Risk / Return Rank
VOO
BIL
VOO vs. BIL - Risk-Adjusted Trends Comparison
This table presents a comparison of risk-adjusted performance metrics for Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (VOO) and SPDR Bloomberg 1-3 Month T-Bill ETF (BIL). Risk-adjusted metrics are performance indicators that assess an investment's returns in relation to its risk, enabling a more accurate comparison of different investment options.
Values are calculated on a 1-year rolling basis and updated daily. Risk-adjusted metrics are more stable over longer periods — use the period switch above to explore them.
| VOO | BIL | Difference | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sharpe ratioReturn per unit of total volatility | -17.64 | ||
| Sortino ratioReturn per unit of downside risk | -172.47 | ||
| Omega ratioGain probability vs. loss probability | 1.36 | 88.41 | -87.05 |
| Calmar ratioReturn relative to maximum drawdown | 2.75 | 357.44 | -354.69 |
| Martin ratioReturn relative to average drawdown | 12.42 | 2,834.34 | -2,821.91 |
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Drawdowns
VOO vs. BIL - Drawdown Comparison
The maximum VOO drawdown since its inception was -33.99%, which is greater than BIL's maximum drawdown of -0.78%. Use the drawdown chart below to compare losses from any high point for VOO and BIL.
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Drawdown Indicators
| VOO | BIL | Difference | |
|---|---|---|---|
Max DrawdownLargest peak-to-trough decline | -33.99% | -0.78% | -33.21% |
Max Drawdown (1Y)Largest decline over 1 year | -8.90% | -0.01% | -8.89% |
Max Drawdown (3Y)Largest decline over 3 years | -18.69% | -0.01% | -18.68% |
Max Drawdown (5Y)Largest decline over 5 years | -24.52% | -0.09% | -24.43% |
Max Drawdown (10Y)Largest decline over 10 years | -33.99% | -0.21% | -33.78% |
Current DrawdownCurrent decline from peak | -2.34% | 0.00% | -2.34% |
Average DrawdownAverage peak-to-trough decline | -3.68% | -0.26% | -3.42% |
Ulcer IndexDepth and duration of drawdowns from previous peaks | 1.97% | 0.00% | +1.97% |
Volatility
VOO vs. BIL - Volatility Comparison
Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (VOO) has a higher volatility of 4.34% compared to SPDR Bloomberg 1-3 Month T-Bill ETF (BIL) at 0.06%. This indicates that VOO's price experiences larger fluctuations and is considered to be riskier than BIL based on this measure. The chart below showcases a comparison of their rolling one-month volatility.
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Volatility by Period
| VOO | BIL | Difference | |
|---|---|---|---|
Volatility (1M)Calculated over the trailing 1-month period | 4.34% | 0.06% | +4.28% |
Volatility (6M)Calculated over the trailing 6-month period | 9.58% | 0.14% | +9.44% |
Volatility (1Y)Calculated over the trailing 1-year period | 12.27% | 0.20% | +12.07% |
Volatility (5Y)Calculated over the trailing 5-year period, annualized | 16.88% | 0.26% | +16.62% |
Volatility (10Y)Calculated over the trailing 10-year period, annualized | 18.03% | 0.26% | +17.77% |
VOO vs. BIL - Expense Ratio Comparison
VOO has a 0.03% expense ratio, which is lower than BIL's 0.14% expense ratio. Despite the difference, both funds are considered low-cost compared to the broader market, where average expense ratios usually range from 0.3% to 0.9%.
Dividends
VOO vs. BIL - Dividend Comparison
VOO's dividend yield for the trailing twelve months is around 1.05%, less than BIL's 3.86% yield.
| Position | TTM | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BIL SPDR Bloomberg 1-3 Month T-Bill ETF | 3.86% | 4.13% | 5.03% | 4.92% | 1.35% | 0.00% | 0.30% | 2.05% | 1.66% | 0.68% | 0.07% | 0.00% |
VOO Vanguard S&P 500 ETF | 1.05% | 1.13% | 1.24% | 1.46% | 1.69% | 1.25% | 1.54% | 1.88% | 2.06% | 1.78% | 2.02% | 2.10% |
Frequently Asked Questions
VOO and BIL have a correlation of -0.06, meaning they provide meaningful diversification benefit when combined. Depending on your allocation goals, holding both could reduce overall portfolio risk.
VOO has higher volatility (4.34%) compared to BIL (0.06%). In terms of maximum drawdown, VOO dropped -33.99% vs BIL's -0.78%.
On 10-year performance, VOO leads with 15.50% vs 2.20% for BIL. On fees, VOO is cheaper at 0.03% per year. On volatility, BIL has been the lower-risk option at 0.06%. The better choice depends on whether you care most about return, fees, risk, or income.
Over the 10-year period, VOO has performed better with a 15.50% return vs 2.20%. Past performance does not guarantee future results, so compare this with risk, fees, and fund exposure.
VOO is cheaper with a 0.03% expense ratio, compared with 0.14% for BIL.
BIL has the higher dividend yield at 3.86%, compared with 1.05% for VOO.
VOO is categorized as S&P 500, while BIL is Government Bonds. VOO tracks S&P 500 Index, while BIL tracks Bloomberg 1-3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill Index. They also come from different issuers: Vanguard and State Street. Their fees differ too: 0.03% for VOO and 0.14% for BIL.
BIL currently has the higher Sharpe Ratio (19.63 vs 1.99), meaning it's delivered slightly more return per unit of risk over the trailing 12 months. However, this ranking shifts over time - use the Risk/Return Score above for a more comprehensive view that combines Sharpe, Sortino, and other measures used by quantitative funds.
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