VFMF vs. VFMV

Last updated Aug 2, 2026

VFMF (Vanguard U.S. Multifactor ETF) and VFMV (Vanguard U.S. Minimum Volatility ETF) are both exchange-traded funds - VFMF is a Multi-factor fund actively managed by Vanguard, while VFMV is a Low Volatility fund actively managed by Vanguard. Both are actively managed. Over the past 5 years, VFMF returned 14.80%/yr vs 9.39%/yr for VFMV. Their 0.80 correlation means they have sometimes moved together and sometimes differently. VFMF charges 0.18%/yr vs 0.13%/yr for VFMV.

Performance

VFMF vs. VFMV - Performance Comparison

The chart below illustrates the hypothetical performance of a $10,000 investment in Vanguard U.S. Multifactor ETF (VFMF) and Vanguard U.S. Minimum Volatility ETF (VFMV). The values are adjusted to include any dividend payments, if applicable.

Returns By Period

In the year-to-date period, VFMF achieves a 21.69% return, which is significantly higher than VFMV's 11.10% return.

VFMF

• 1D: -0.01%
• 1M: 2.41%
• 6M: 16.33%
• YTD: 21.69%
• 1Y: 39.45%
• 3Y*: 20.66%
• 5Y*: 14.80%
• 10Y*: —
• ALL TIME*: 12.70%

VFMV

• 1D: 0.45%
• 1M: 2.10%
• 6M: 7.34%
• YTD: 11.10%
• 1Y: 16.07%
• 3Y*: 14.38%
• 5Y*: 9.39%
• 10Y*: —
• ALL TIME*: 10.08%

*Multi-year figures are annualized to reflect compound growth (CAGR)

Liquidity Comparison

Position	Avg. Volume Value (2W)	Avg. Volume Value (1M)	Avg. Volume Value (3M)
VFMF Vanguard U.S. Multifactor ETF	$8.35M	$13.16M	$7.02M
VFMV Vanguard U.S. Minimum Volatility ETF	$1.77M	$2.11M	$2.29M

VFMF vs. VFMV - Yearly Performance Comparison

	2026 (YTD)	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018
VFMF Vanguard U.S. Multifactor ETF	21.69%	17.38%	15.60%	18.52%	-5.70%	30.05%	4.99%	22.34%	-10.89%
VFMV Vanguard U.S. Minimum Volatility ETF	11.10%	10.52%	16.91%	8.86%	-5.73%	20.75%	-0.19%	27.26%	-0.34%

Correlation

The correlation between VFMF and VFMV is 0.81, meaning they have usually moved in the same direction, including during past declines.

	Correlation
Correlation (1Y) Focuses on recent behavior, but can change the most.	0.81
Correlation (3Y) Balances recent behavior with more history.	0.81
Correlation (5Y) Shows whether the relationship held over a longer period.	0.81
Correlation (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history since Feb 15, 2018	0.80

The correlation between VFMF and VFMV has been stable across timeframes, ranging from 0.80 to 0.81 - a consistent structural relationship.

VFMF vs. VFMV - Sectors Allocation Comparison

Sectors	VFMF	VFMV
Financial Services	24.6%	10.6%
Healthcare	16.9%	10.1%
Consumer Cyclical	13.4%	6.9%
Technology	12.9%	25.1%
Industrials	8.9%	10.1%
Consumer Defensive	6.8%	9.5%
Energy	6.7%	3.9%
Communication Services	4.8%	10.7%
Basic Materials	4.1%	-
Real Estate	0.3%	6.4%
Utilities	0.2%	6.7%

Return for Risk

VFMF vs. VFMV — Risk / Return Rank

Compare historical risk-adjusted metric ranks over the past 12 months.

VFMF

VFMF Risk / Return Rank: 95
VFMF Sharpe Ratio Rank: 96
VFMF Sortino Ratio Rank: 96
VFMF Omega Ratio Rank: 95
VFMF Calmar Ratio Rank: 95
VFMF Martin Ratio Rank: 95

VFMV

VFMV Risk / Return Rank: 77
VFMV Sharpe Ratio Rank: 77
VFMV Sortino Ratio Rank: 79
VFMV Omega Ratio Rank: 75
VFMV Calmar Ratio Rank: 75
VFMV Martin Ratio Rank: 79

The rank (0–100) uses a weighted average of the Sharpe, Sortino, Omega, Calmar, and Martin percentile ranks for the trailing 12 months. Higher means stronger historical risk-adjusted performance within the peer group.

VFMF vs. VFMV - Risk-Adjusted Trends Comparison

This table presents a comparison of risk-adjusted performance metrics for Vanguard U.S. Multifactor ETF (VFMF) and Vanguard U.S. Minimum Volatility ETF (VFMV). Risk-adjusted metrics are performance indicators that assess an investment's returns in relation to its risk, enabling a more accurate comparison of different investment options.

Values are calculated on a 1-year rolling basis and updated daily. Risk-adjusted metrics are more stable over longer periods — use the period switch above to explore them.

	VFMF	VFMV	Difference
Sharpe ratio: Return per unit of total volatility	2.93	1.76	+1.17
Sortino ratio: Return per unit of downside risk	4.18	2.55	+1.63
Omega ratio: Gain probability vs. loss probability	1.52	1.31	+0.21
Calmar ratio: Return relative to maximum drawdown	5.35	2.61	+2.73
Martin ratio: Return relative to average drawdown	20.76	10.07	+10.69

VFMF vs. VFMV - Sharpe Ratio Comparison

The current VFMF Sharpe Ratio is 2.93, which is higher than the VFMV Sharpe Ratio of 1.76. The chart below compares the historical Sharpe Ratios of VFMF and VFMV, calculated using daily returns over the previous 12 months. A higher Sharpe Ratio indicates better risk-adjusted performance relative to the risk-free rate.

Drawdowns

VFMF vs. VFMV - Drawdown Comparison

The maximum VFMF drawdown since its inception was -41.34%, which is greater than VFMV's maximum drawdown of -33.64%. Use the drawdown chart below to compare losses from any high point for VFMF and VFMV.

Drawdown Indicators

	VFMF	VFMV	Difference
Max Drawdown Largest peak-to-trough decline	-41.34%	-33.64%	-7.70%
Max Drawdown (1Y) Largest decline over 1 year	-7.08%	-6.00%	-1.08%
Max Drawdown (3Y) Largest decline over 3 years	-20.57%	-10.35%	-10.22%
Max Drawdown (5Y) Largest decline over 5 years	-20.57%	-15.41%	-5.16%
Current Drawdown Current decline from peak	-0.52%	-1.16%	+0.64%
Average Drawdown Average peak-to-trough decline	-5.64%	-3.59%	-2.05%
Ulcer Index Depth and duration of drawdowns from previous peaks	1.82%	1.56%	+0.26%

Volatility

VFMF vs. VFMV - Volatility Comparison

Vanguard U.S. Multifactor ETF (VFMF) and Vanguard U.S. Minimum Volatility ETF (VFMV) have volatilities of 2.66% and 2.73%, respectively, indicating that both stocks experience similar levels of price fluctuations. This suggests that the risk associated with both stocks, as measured by volatility, is nearly the same. The chart below showcases a comparison of their rolling one-month volatility.

Volatility by Period

	VFMF	VFMV	Difference
Volatility (1M) Calculated over the trailing 1-month period	2.66%	2.73%	-0.07%
Volatility (6M) Calculated over the trailing 6-month period	8.95%	6.57%	+2.38%
Volatility (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	12.93%	8.96%	+3.97%
Volatility (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period, annualized	17.82%	11.76%	+6.06%
Volatility (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period, annualized	21.00%	14.16%	+6.84%

VFMF vs. VFMV - Expense Ratio Comparison

VFMF has a 0.18% expense ratio, which is higher than VFMV's 0.13% expense ratio. However, both funds are considered low-cost compared to the broader market, where average expense ratios usually range from 0.3% to 0.9%.

Dividends

VFMF vs. VFMV - Dividend Comparison

VFMF's dividend yield for the trailing twelve months is around 1.34%, less than VFMV's 1.74% yield.

Position	TTM	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018
VFMF Vanguard U.S. Multifactor ETF	1.34%	1.54%	1.60%	1.78%	2.21%	1.39%	1.56%	1.61%	1.22%
VFMV Vanguard U.S. Minimum Volatility ETF	1.74%	2.12%	1.46%	2.20%	2.08%	1.31%	2.14%	2.43%	2.29%

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I hold both VFMF and VFMV in my portfolio?

VFMF and VFMV have a correlation of 0.81, meaning they provide meaningful diversification benefit when combined. Depending on your allocation goals, holding both could reduce overall portfolio risk.

Which is riskier, VFMF or VFMV?

VFMV has higher volatility (2.73%) compared to VFMF (2.66%). In terms of maximum drawdown, VFMF dropped -41.34% vs VFMV's -33.64%.

Which ETF is better, VFMF or VFMV?

On 5-year performance, VFMF leads with 14.80% vs 9.39% for VFMV. On fees, VFMV is cheaper at 0.13% per year. Their volatility is very similar. The better choice depends on whether you care most about return, fees, risk, or income.

Which ETF has performed better, VFMF or VFMV?

Over the 5-year period, VFMF has performed better with a 14.80% return vs 9.39%. Past performance does not guarantee future results, so compare this with risk, fees, and fund exposure.

Which ETF is cheaper, VFMF or VFMV?

VFMV is cheaper with a 0.13% expense ratio, compared with 0.18% for VFMF.

Which ETF pays a higher dividend yield, VFMF or VFMV?

VFMV has the higher dividend yield at 1.74%, compared with 1.34% for VFMF.

What is the main difference between VFMF and VFMV?

VFMF is categorized as Multi-factor, while VFMV is Low Volatility. Their fees differ too: 0.18% for VFMF and 0.13% for VFMV.

Which has better risk-adjusted returns?

VFMF currently has the higher Sharpe Ratio (2.93 vs 1.76), meaning it's delivered slightly more return per unit of risk over the trailing 12 months. However, this ranking shifts over time - use the Risk/Return Score above for a more comprehensive view that combines Sharpe, Sortino, and other measures used by quantitative funds.