IVOO vs. SCHA

Last updated Jun 3, 2026

IVOO (Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF) and SCHA (Schwab U.S. Small-Cap ETF) are both Small Cap Growth Equities funds - IVOO tracks the S&P MidCap 400 Index while SCHA tracks the Dow Jones U.S. Small-Cap Total Stock Market Total Return Index. Both are passively managed. Over the past 10 years, IVOO returned 11.22%/yr vs 11.20%/yr for SCHA. With a 0.96 correlation, they move nearly in lockstep. IVOO charges 0.10%/yr vs 0.04%/yr for SCHA.

Performance

IVOO vs. SCHA - Performance Comparison

The chart below illustrates the hypothetical performance of a $10,000 investment in Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF (IVOO) and Schwab U.S. Small-Cap ETF (SCHA). The values are adjusted to include any dividend payments, if applicable.

Returns By Period

In the year-to-date period, IVOO achieves a 14.15% return, which is significantly lower than SCHA's 20.49% return. Both investments have delivered pretty close results over the past 10 years, with IVOO having a 11.22% annualized return and SCHA not far behind at 11.20%.

IVOO

• 1D: 0.86%
• 1M: 3.31%
• YTD: 14.15%
• 6M: 15.23%
• 1Y: 27.06%
• 3Y*: 16.07%
• 5Y*: 8.27%
• 10Y*: 11.22%

SCHA

• 1D: 0.44%
• 1M: 5.06%
• YTD: 20.49%
• 6M: 21.89%
• 1Y: 43.42%
• 3Y*: 19.15%
• 5Y*: 7.35%
• 10Y*: 11.20%

*Multi-year figures are annualized to reflect compound growth (CAGR)

IVOO vs. SCHA - Yearly Performance Comparison

	2026 (YTD)	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017
IVOO Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF	14.15%	7.47%	13.77%	16.45%	-13.17%	24.61%	13.61%	26.18%	-11.33%	16.38%
SCHA Schwab U.S. Small-Cap ETF	20.49%	11.60%	11.16%	18.46%	-19.81%	16.45%	19.34%	26.50%	-11.79%	14.94%

Correlation

The correlation between IVOO and SCHA is 0.94, indicating a strong positive relationship between their price movements. Combining them offers limited diversification - they tend to fall together during downturns.

	Correlation
Correlation (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	0.94
Correlation (3Y) Calculated over the trailing 3-year period	0.96
Correlation (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period	0.97
Correlation (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period	0.97
Correlation (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history since Sep 10, 2010	0.96

The correlation between IVOO and SCHA has been stable across timeframes, ranging from 0.94 to 0.97 - a consistent structural relationship.

IVOO vs. SCHA - Sectors Allocation Comparison

Sectors	IVOO	SCHA
Industrials	25.1%	15.4%
Technology	15.7%	23.3%
Financial Services	14.4%	15.7%
Consumer Cyclical	10.7%	9.0%
Healthcare	8.6%	13.5%
Real Estate	7.5%	6.0%
Energy	5.5%	5.5%
Basic Materials	4.8%	4.2%
Consumer Defensive	3.8%	2.6%
Utilities	3.1%	2.3%
Communication Services	1.0%	2.4%

Return for Risk

IVOO vs. SCHA — Risk / Return Rank

Compare risk-adjusted metric ranks to identify better-performing investments over the past 12 months.

IVOO

IVOO Risk / Return Rank: 54
IVOO Sharpe Ratio Rank: 50
IVOO Sortino Ratio Rank: 52
IVOO Omega Ratio Rank: 48
IVOO Calmar Ratio Rank: 61
IVOO Martin Ratio Rank: 62

SCHA

SCHA Risk / Return Rank: 76
SCHA Sharpe Ratio Rank: 73
SCHA Sortino Ratio Rank: 73
SCHA Omega Ratio Rank: 66
SCHA Calmar Ratio Rank: 84
SCHA Martin Ratio Rank: 83

The rank (0–100) shows how this investment's returns compare to the risk taken. Higher = better. Based on the past 12 months of data, combining Sharpe, Sortino, and other metrics used by quantitative funds and institutional investors.

IVOO vs. SCHA - Risk-Adjusted Trends Comparison

This table presents a comparison of risk-adjusted performance metrics for Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF (IVOO) and Schwab U.S. Small-Cap ETF (SCHA). Risk-adjusted metrics are performance indicators that assess an investment's returns in relation to its risk, enabling a more accurate comparison of different investment options.

	IVOO	SCHA	Difference
Sharpe ratio Return per unit of total volatility	1.75	2.42	-0.68
Sortino ratio Return per unit of downside risk	2.54	3.37	-0.83
Omega ratio Gain probability vs. loss probability	1.31	1.40	-0.10
Calmar ratio Return relative to maximum drawdown	3.06	4.59	-1.53
Martin ratio Return relative to average drawdown	11.19	16.91	-5.72
Data is calculated on a 1-year rolling basis and updated daily. The trend shows the change in the indicator over the past month.

IVOO vs. SCHA - Sharpe Ratio Comparison

The current IVOO Sharpe Ratio is 1.75, which is comparable to the SCHA Sharpe Ratio of 2.42. The chart below compares the historical Sharpe Ratios of IVOO and SCHA, calculated using daily returns over the previous 12 months. A higher Sharpe Ratio indicates better risk-adjusted performance relative to the risk-free rate.

Sharpe Ratios by Period

	IVOO	SCHA	Difference
Sharpe Ratio (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	1.75	2.42	-0.68
Sharpe Ratio (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period	0.42	0.34	+0.08
Sharpe Ratio (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period	0.53	0.49	+0.04
Sharpe Ratio (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history	0.62	0.58	+0.04

Drawdowns

IVOO vs. SCHA - Drawdown Comparison

The maximum IVOO drawdown since its inception was -42.33%, roughly equal to the maximum SCHA drawdown of -42.41%. Use the drawdown chart below to compare losses from any high point for IVOO and SCHA.

Drawdown Indicators

	IVOO	SCHA	Difference
Max Drawdown Largest peak-to-trough decline	-42.33%	-42.41%	+0.08%
Max Drawdown (1Y) Largest decline over 1 year	-8.81%	-9.50%	+0.69%
Max Drawdown (3Y) Largest decline over 3 years	-24.22%	-27.29%	+3.07%
Max Drawdown (5Y) Largest decline over 5 years	-24.22%	-30.79%	+6.57%
Max Drawdown (10Y) Largest decline over 10 years	-42.33%	-42.41%	+0.08%
Current Drawdown Current decline from peak	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Average Drawdown Average peak-to-trough decline	-5.27%	-7.58%	+2.31%
Ulcer Index Depth and duration of drawdowns from previous peaks	2.41%	2.58%	-0.17%

Volatility

IVOO vs. SCHA - Volatility Comparison

The current volatility for Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF (IVOO) is 4.46%, while Schwab U.S. Small-Cap ETF (SCHA) has a volatility of 5.04%. This indicates that IVOO experiences smaller price fluctuations and is considered to be less risky than SCHA based on this measure. The chart below showcases a comparison of their rolling one-month volatility.

Volatility by Period

	IVOO	SCHA	Difference
Volatility (1M) Calculated over the trailing 1-month period	4.46%	5.04%	-0.58%
Volatility (6M) Calculated over the trailing 6-month period	11.38%	12.85%	-1.47%
Volatility (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	15.56%	17.99%	-2.43%
Volatility (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period, annualized	19.73%	21.94%	-2.21%
Volatility (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period, annualized	21.20%	22.71%	-1.51%

IVOO vs. SCHA - Expense Ratio Comparison

IVOO has a 0.10% expense ratio, which is higher than SCHA's 0.04% expense ratio. However, both funds are considered low-cost compared to the broader market, where average expense ratios usually range from 0.3% to 0.9%.

Dividends

IVOO vs. SCHA - Dividend Comparison

IVOO's dividend yield for the trailing twelve months is around 1.19%, more than SCHA's 0.99% yield.

Position	TTM	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017	2016	2015
IVOO Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF	1.19%	1.35%	1.30%	1.25%	1.58%	1.14%	1.23%	1.49%	1.56%	1.22%	1.37%	1.45%
SCHA Schwab U.S. Small-Cap ETF	0.99%	1.26%	1.51%	1.42%	1.37%	1.19%	1.05%	1.39%	1.58%	1.24%	1.50%	1.48%

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I hold both IVOO and SCHA in my portfolio?

With a correlation of 0.94, IVOO and SCHA move almost identically. Holding both adds very little diversification - you're essentially doubling your position in the same market segment. Choosing one is usually more capital-efficient.

Which is riskier, IVOO or SCHA?

SCHA has higher volatility (5.04%) compared to IVOO (4.46%). In terms of maximum drawdown, IVOO dropped -42.33% vs SCHA's -42.41%.

Which ETF is better, IVOO or SCHA?

On 10-year performance, IVOO leads with 11.22% vs 11.20% for SCHA. On fees, SCHA is cheaper at 0.04% per year. On volatility, IVOO has been the lower-risk option at 4.46%. The better choice depends on whether you care most about return, fees, risk, or income.

Which ETF has performed better, IVOO or SCHA?

Over the 10-year period, IVOO has performed better with a 11.22% return vs 11.20%. Past performance does not guarantee future results, so compare this with risk, fees, and fund exposure.

Which ETF is cheaper, IVOO or SCHA?

SCHA is cheaper with a 0.04% expense ratio, compared with 0.10% for IVOO.

Which ETF pays a higher dividend yield, IVOO or SCHA?

IVOO has the higher dividend yield at 1.19%, compared with 0.99% for SCHA.

What is the main difference between IVOO and SCHA?

IVOO tracks S&P MidCap 400 Index, while SCHA tracks Dow Jones U.S. Small-Cap Total Stock Market Total Return Index. They also come from different issuers: Vanguard and Charles Schwab. Their fees differ too: 0.10% for IVOO and 0.04% for SCHA.

Which has better risk-adjusted returns?

SCHA currently has the higher Sharpe Ratio (2.42 vs 1.75), meaning it's delivered slightly more return per unit of risk over the trailing 12 months. However, this ranking shifts over time - use the Risk/Return Score above for a more comprehensive view that combines Sharpe, Sortino, and other measures used by quantitative funds.