VEA vs. VPU

Last updated Jun 14, 2026

VEA (Vanguard FTSE Developed Markets ETF) and VPU (Vanguard Utilities ETF) are both exchange-traded funds - VEA is a Foreign Large Cap Equities fund tracking the FTSE Developed All Cap ex US Index, while VPU is a Utilities Equities fund tracking the MSCI US Investable Market Utilities 25/50 Index. Both are passively managed. Over the past 10 years, VEA returned 10.72%/yr vs 9.06%/yr for VPU. At a 0.47 correlation, their price movements are largely independent. VEA charges 0.03%/yr vs 0.09%/yr for VPU.

Performance

VEA vs. VPU - Performance Comparison

The chart below illustrates the hypothetical performance of a $10,000 investment in Vanguard FTSE Developed Markets ETF (VEA) and Vanguard Utilities ETF (VPU). The values are adjusted to include any dividend payments, if applicable.

Returns By Period

In the year-to-date period, VEA achieves a 14.73% return, which is significantly higher than VPU's 4.93% return. Over the past 10 years, VEA has outperformed VPU with an annualized return of 10.72%, while VPU has yielded a comparatively lower 9.06% annualized return.

VEA

• 1D: 0.34%
• 1M: 1.40%
• YTD: 14.73%
• 6M: 16.65%
• 1Y: 31.41%
• 3Y*: 19.03%
• 5Y*: 9.51%
• 10Y*: 10.72%

VPU

• 1D: 1.15%
• 1M: -0.86%
• YTD: 4.93%
• 6M: 5.15%
• 1Y: 12.62%
• 3Y*: 13.65%
• 5Y*: 9.17%
• 10Y*: 9.06%

*Multi-year figures are annualized to reflect compound growth (CAGR)

VEA vs. VPU - Yearly Performance Comparison

	2026 (YTD)	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017
VEA Vanguard FTSE Developed Markets ETF	14.73%	35.16%	3.15%	17.93%	-15.34%	11.66%	9.71%	22.62%	-14.75%	26.42%
VPU Vanguard Utilities ETF	4.93%	16.46%	23.04%	-7.45%	1.06%	17.40%	-0.74%	24.89%	4.38%	12.44%

Correlation

The correlation between VEA and VPU is 0.27, which is low. Their price movements are largely independent, making them effective diversification partners.

	Correlation
Correlation (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	0.27
Correlation (3Y) Calculated over the trailing 3-year period	0.35
Correlation (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period	0.39
Correlation (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period	0.34
Correlation (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history since Jul 26, 2007	0.47

The correlation between VEA and VPU shifts across timeframes, from 0.27 (1 year) to 0.47 (all time), reflecting how their relationship changes across market environments.

VEA vs. VPU - Sectors Allocation Comparison

Sectors	VEA	VPU
Financial Services	23.3%	-
Industrials	19.2%	0.2%
Technology	13.8%	-
Healthcare	8.2%	-
Basic Materials	7.5%	-
Consumer Cyclical	7.5%	-
Consumer Defensive	5.6%	-
Energy	5.4%	0.5%
Communication Services	3.4%	-
Utilities	3.3%	99.3%
Real Estate	2.7%	-

Return for Risk

VEA vs. VPU — Risk / Return Rank

Compare risk-adjusted metric ranks to identify better-performing investments over the past 12 months.

VEA

VEA Risk / Return Rank: 62
VEA Sharpe Ratio Rank: 63
VEA Sortino Ratio Rank: 62
VEA Omega Ratio Rank: 63
VEA Calmar Ratio Rank: 59
VEA Martin Ratio Rank: 63

VPU

VPU Risk / Return Rank: 26
VPU Sharpe Ratio Rank: 26
VPU Sortino Ratio Rank: 24
VPU Omega Ratio Rank: 25
VPU Calmar Ratio Rank: 31
VPU Martin Ratio Rank: 24

The rank (0–100) shows how this investment's returns compare to the risk taken. Higher = better. Based on the past 12 months of data, combining Sharpe, Sortino, and other metrics used by quantitative funds and institutional investors.

VEA vs. VPU - Risk-Adjusted Trends Comparison

This table presents a comparison of risk-adjusted performance metrics for Vanguard FTSE Developed Markets ETF (VEA) and Vanguard Utilities ETF (VPU). Risk-adjusted metrics are performance indicators that assess an investment's returns in relation to its risk, enabling a more accurate comparison of different investment options.

Values are calculated on a 1-year rolling basis and updated daily. Risk-adjusted metrics are more stable over longer periods — use the period switch above to explore them.

	VEA	VPU	Difference
Sharpe ratio: Return per unit of total volatility	1.81	0.83	+0.98
Sortino ratio: Return per unit of downside risk	2.50	1.20	+1.30
Omega ratio: Gain probability vs. loss probability	1.33	1.15	+0.18
Calmar ratio: Return relative to maximum drawdown	2.58	1.34	+1.23
Martin ratio: Return relative to average drawdown	9.92	2.91	+7.01

VEA vs. VPU - Sharpe Ratio Comparison

The current VEA Sharpe Ratio is 1.81, which is higher than the VPU Sharpe Ratio of 0.83. The chart below compares the historical Sharpe Ratios of VEA and VPU, calculated using daily returns over the previous 12 months. A higher Sharpe Ratio indicates better risk-adjusted performance relative to the risk-free rate.

Drawdowns

VEA vs. VPU - Drawdown Comparison

The maximum VEA drawdown since its inception was -60.68%, which is greater than VPU's maximum drawdown of -46.31%. Use the drawdown chart below to compare losses from any high point for VEA and VPU.

Drawdown Indicators

	VEA	VPU	Difference
Max Drawdown Largest peak-to-trough decline	-60.68%	-46.31%	-14.37%
Max Drawdown (1Y) Largest decline over 1 year	-11.63%	-8.90%	-2.73%
Max Drawdown (3Y) Largest decline over 3 years	-13.45%	-17.34%	+3.89%
Max Drawdown (5Y) Largest decline over 5 years	-29.71%	-25.15%	-4.56%
Max Drawdown (10Y) Largest decline over 10 years	-35.73%	-36.42%	+0.69%
Current Drawdown Current decline from peak	-1.06%	-5.69%	+4.63%
Average Drawdown Average peak-to-trough decline	-13.28%	-7.78%	-5.50%
Ulcer Index Depth and duration of drawdowns from previous peaks	3.02%	4.10%	-1.08%

Volatility

VEA vs. VPU - Volatility Comparison

Vanguard FTSE Developed Markets ETF (VEA) has a higher volatility of 6.84% compared to Vanguard Utilities ETF (VPU) at 5.55%. This indicates that VEA's price experiences larger fluctuations and is considered to be riskier than VPU based on this measure. The chart below showcases a comparison of their rolling one-month volatility.

Volatility by Period

	VEA	VPU	Difference
Volatility (1M) Calculated over the trailing 1-month period	6.84%	5.55%	+1.29%
Volatility (6M) Calculated over the trailing 6-month period	14.38%	11.52%	+2.86%
Volatility (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	16.58%	14.41%	+2.17%
Volatility (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period, annualized	16.72%	17.07%	-0.35%
Volatility (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period, annualized	17.40%	19.13%	-1.73%

VEA vs. VPU - Expense Ratio Comparison

VEA has a 0.03% expense ratio, which is lower than VPU's 0.09% expense ratio. Despite the difference, both funds are considered low-cost compared to the broader market, where average expense ratios usually range from 0.3% to 0.9%.

Dividends

VEA vs. VPU - Dividend Comparison

VEA's dividend yield for the trailing twelve months is around 2.62%, which matches VPU's 2.64% yield.

Position	TTM	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017	2016	2015
VEA Vanguard FTSE Developed Markets ETF	2.62%	3.22%	3.35%	3.15%	2.91%	3.16%	2.04%	3.04%	3.35%	2.77%	3.05%	2.92%
VPU Vanguard Utilities ETF	2.64%	2.73%	3.02%	3.49%	2.98%	2.70%	3.17%	2.83%	3.23%	3.18%	3.19%	3.63%

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I hold both VEA and VPU in my portfolio?

VEA and VPU have a correlation of 0.27, meaning they provide meaningful diversification benefit when combined. Depending on your allocation goals, holding both could reduce overall portfolio risk.

Which is riskier, VEA or VPU?

VEA has higher volatility (6.84%) compared to VPU (5.55%). In terms of maximum drawdown, VEA dropped -60.68% vs VPU's -46.31%.

Which ETF is better, VEA or VPU?

On 10-year performance, VEA leads with 10.72% vs 9.06% for VPU. On fees, VEA is cheaper at 0.03% per year. On volatility, VPU has been the lower-risk option at 5.55%. The better choice depends on whether you care most about return, fees, risk, or income.

Which ETF has performed better, VEA or VPU?

Over the 10-year period, VEA has performed better with a 10.72% return vs 9.06%. Past performance does not guarantee future results, so compare this with risk, fees, and fund exposure.

Which ETF is cheaper, VEA or VPU?

VEA is cheaper with a 0.03% expense ratio, compared with 0.09% for VPU.

Which ETF pays a higher dividend yield, VEA or VPU?

VPU has the higher dividend yield at 2.64%, compared with 2.62% for VEA.

What is the main difference between VEA and VPU?

VEA is categorized as Foreign Large Cap Equities, while VPU is Utilities Equities. VEA tracks FTSE Developed All Cap ex US Index, while VPU tracks MSCI US Investable Market Utilities 25/50 Index. Their fees differ too: 0.03% for VEA and 0.09% for VPU.

Which has better risk-adjusted returns?

VEA currently has the higher Sharpe Ratio (1.81 vs 0.83), meaning it's delivered slightly more return per unit of risk over the trailing 12 months. However, this ranking shifts over time - use the Risk/Return Score above for a more comprehensive view that combines Sharpe, Sortino, and other measures used by quantitative funds.