VEA vs. DIA

Last updated Jun 9, 2026

VEA (Vanguard FTSE Developed Markets ETF) and DIA (State Street SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust) are both exchange-traded funds - VEA is a Foreign Large Cap Equities fund tracking the FTSE Developed All Cap ex US Index, while DIA is a Large Cap Blend Equities fund tracking the Dow Jones Industrial Average. Both are passively managed. Over the past 10 years, VEA returned 10.14%/yr vs 13.18%/yr for DIA. A 0.80 correlation means they provide meaningful diversification when combined. VEA charges 0.03%/yr vs 0.16%/yr for DIA.

Performance

VEA vs. DIA - Performance Comparison

The chart below illustrates the hypothetical performance of a $10,000 investment in Vanguard FTSE Developed Markets ETF (VEA) and State Street SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust (DIA). The values are adjusted to include any dividend payments, if applicable.

Returns By Period

In the year-to-date period, VEA achieves a 12.02% return, which is significantly higher than DIA's 6.40% return. Over the past 10 years, VEA has underperformed DIA with an annualized return of 10.14%, while DIA has yielded a comparatively higher 13.18% annualized return.

VEA

• 1D: 1.00%
• 1M: -1.37%
• YTD: 12.02%
• 6M: 14.95%
• 1Y: 28.06%
• 3Y*: 18.65%
• 5Y*: 9.09%
• 10Y*: 10.14%

DIA

• 1D: -0.15%
• 1M: 2.63%
• YTD: 6.40%
• 6M: 7.17%
• 1Y: 20.62%
• 3Y*: 16.36%
• 5Y*: 9.98%
• 10Y*: 13.18%

*Multi-year figures are annualized to reflect compound growth (CAGR)

VEA vs. DIA - Yearly Performance Comparison

	2026 (YTD)	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017
VEA Vanguard FTSE Developed Markets ETF	12.02%	35.16%	3.15%	17.93%	-15.34%	11.66%	9.71%	22.62%	-14.75%	26.42%
DIA State Street SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust	6.40%	14.71%	14.82%	16.02%	-7.02%	20.83%	9.59%	24.70%	-3.74%	28.08%

Correlation

The correlation between VEA and DIA is 0.73, which is moderate. They share some common price drivers but move independently often enough to provide real diversification benefit when combined.

	Correlation
Correlation (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	0.73
Correlation (3Y) Calculated over the trailing 3-year period	0.68
Correlation (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period	0.74
Correlation (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period	0.76
Correlation (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history since Jul 27, 2007	0.80

The correlation between VEA and DIA shifts across timeframes, from 0.68 (3 years) to 0.80 (all time), reflecting how their relationship changes across market environments.

VEA vs. DIA - Sectors Allocation Comparison

Sectors	VEA	DIA
Financial Services	23.3%	27.2%
Industrials	19.2%	18.4%
Technology	13.8%	17.1%
Healthcare	8.2%	13.1%
Basic Materials	7.5%	4.0%
Consumer Cyclical	7.5%	11.6%
Consumer Defensive	5.6%	4.4%
Energy	5.4%	2.4%
Communication Services	3.4%	1.9%
Utilities	3.3%	-
Real Estate	2.7%	-

Return for Risk

VEA vs. DIA — Risk / Return Rank

Compare risk-adjusted metric ranks to identify better-performing investments over the past 12 months.

VEA

VEA Risk / Return Rank: 56
VEA Sharpe Ratio Rank: 57
VEA Sortino Ratio Rank: 55
VEA Omega Ratio Rank: 57
VEA Calmar Ratio Rank: 54
VEA Martin Ratio Rank: 58

DIA

DIA Risk / Return Rank: 53
DIA Sharpe Ratio Rank: 55
DIA Sortino Ratio Rank: 58
DIA Omega Ratio Rank: 53
DIA Calmar Ratio Rank: 47
DIA Martin Ratio Rank: 53

The rank (0–100) shows how this investment's returns compare to the risk taken. Higher = better. Based on the past 12 months of data, combining Sharpe, Sortino, and other metrics used by quantitative funds and institutional investors.

VEA vs. DIA - Risk-Adjusted Trends Comparison

This table presents a comparison of risk-adjusted performance metrics for Vanguard FTSE Developed Markets ETF (VEA) and State Street SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust (DIA). Risk-adjusted metrics are performance indicators that assess an investment's returns in relation to its risk, enabling a more accurate comparison of different investment options.

	VEA	DIA	Difference
Sharpe ratio: Return per unit of total volatility	1.75	1.69	+0.06
Sortino ratio: Return per unit of downside risk	2.39	2.48	-0.08
Omega ratio: Gain probability vs. loss probability	1.32	1.30	+0.02
Calmar ratio: Return relative to maximum drawdown	2.42	2.12	+0.30
Martin ratio: Return relative to average drawdown	9.39	8.20	+1.19
Data is calculated on a 1-year rolling basis and updated daily. The trend shows the change in the indicator over the past month.

VEA vs. DIA - Sharpe Ratio Comparison

The current VEA Sharpe Ratio is 1.75, which is comparable to the DIA Sharpe Ratio of 1.69. The chart below compares the historical Sharpe Ratios of VEA and DIA, calculated using daily returns over the previous 12 months. A higher Sharpe Ratio indicates better risk-adjusted performance relative to the risk-free rate.

Sharpe Ratios by Period

	VEA	DIA	Difference
Sharpe Ratio (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	1.75	1.69	+0.06
Sharpe Ratio (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period	0.55	0.68	-0.13
Sharpe Ratio (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period	0.59	0.75	-0.17
Sharpe Ratio (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history	0.24	0.49	-0.25

Drawdowns

VEA vs. DIA - Drawdown Comparison

The maximum VEA drawdown since its inception was -60.68%, which is greater than DIA's maximum drawdown of -51.87%. Use the drawdown chart below to compare losses from any high point for VEA and DIA.

Drawdown Indicators

	VEA	DIA	Difference
Max Drawdown Largest peak-to-trough decline	-60.68%	-51.87%	-8.81%
Max Drawdown (1Y) Largest decline over 1 year	-11.63%	-9.76%	-1.87%
Max Drawdown (3Y) Largest decline over 3 years	-13.45%	-15.95%	+2.50%
Max Drawdown (5Y) Largest decline over 5 years	-29.71%	-20.76%	-8.95%
Max Drawdown (10Y) Largest decline over 10 years	-35.73%	-36.70%	+0.97%
Current Drawdown Current decline from peak	-3.40%	-1.51%	-1.89%
Average Drawdown Average peak-to-trough decline	-13.29%	-7.14%	-6.15%
Ulcer Index Depth and duration of drawdowns from previous peaks	3.00%	2.52%	+0.48%

Volatility

VEA vs. DIA - Volatility Comparison

Vanguard FTSE Developed Markets ETF (VEA) has a higher volatility of 6.03% compared to State Street SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust (DIA) at 3.39%. This indicates that VEA's price experiences larger fluctuations and is considered to be riskier than DIA based on this measure. The chart below showcases a comparison of their rolling one-month volatility.

Volatility by Period

	VEA	DIA	Difference
Volatility (1M) Calculated over the trailing 1-month period	6.03%	3.39%	+2.64%
Volatility (6M) Calculated over the trailing 6-month period	13.91%	9.49%	+4.42%
Volatility (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	16.15%	12.26%	+3.89%
Volatility (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period, annualized	16.63%	14.81%	+1.82%
Volatility (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period, annualized	17.40%	17.55%	-0.15%

VEA vs. DIA - Expense Ratio Comparison

VEA has a 0.03% expense ratio, which is lower than DIA's 0.16% expense ratio. Despite the difference, both funds are considered low-cost compared to the broader market, where average expense ratios usually range from 0.3% to 0.9%.

Dividends

VEA vs. DIA - Dividend Comparison

VEA's dividend yield for the trailing twelve months is around 2.69%, more than DIA's 1.38% yield.

Position	TTM	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017	2016	2015
DIA State Street SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust	1.38%	1.43%	1.61%	1.81%	1.91%	1.58%	1.87%	1.85%	2.24%	1.97%	2.26%	2.33%
VEA Vanguard FTSE Developed Markets ETF	2.69%	3.22%	3.35%	3.15%	2.91%	3.16%	2.04%	3.04%	3.35%	2.77%	3.05%	2.92%

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I hold both VEA and DIA in my portfolio?

VEA and DIA have a correlation of 0.73, meaning they provide meaningful diversification benefit when combined. Depending on your allocation goals, holding both could reduce overall portfolio risk.

Which is riskier, VEA or DIA?

VEA has higher volatility (6.03%) compared to DIA (3.39%). In terms of maximum drawdown, VEA dropped -60.68% vs DIA's -51.87%.

Which ETF is better, VEA or DIA?

On 10-year performance, DIA leads with 13.18% vs 10.14% for VEA. On fees, VEA is cheaper at 0.03% per year. On volatility, DIA has been the lower-risk option at 3.39%. The better choice depends on whether you care most about return, fees, risk, or income.

Which ETF has performed better, VEA or DIA?

Over the 10-year period, DIA has performed better with a 13.18% return vs 10.14%. Past performance does not guarantee future results, so compare this with risk, fees, and fund exposure.

Which ETF is cheaper, VEA or DIA?

VEA is cheaper with a 0.03% expense ratio, compared with 0.16% for DIA.

Which ETF pays a higher dividend yield, VEA or DIA?

VEA has the higher dividend yield at 2.69%, compared with 1.38% for DIA.

What is the main difference between VEA and DIA?

VEA is categorized as Foreign Large Cap Equities, while DIA is Large Cap Blend Equities. VEA tracks FTSE Developed All Cap ex US Index, while DIA tracks Dow Jones Industrial Average. They also come from different issuers: Vanguard and State Street. Their fees differ too: 0.03% for VEA and 0.16% for DIA.

Which has better risk-adjusted returns?

VEA currently has the higher Sharpe Ratio (1.75 vs 1.69), meaning it's delivered slightly more return per unit of risk over the trailing 12 months. However, this ranking shifts over time - use the Risk/Return Score above for a more comprehensive view that combines Sharpe, Sortino, and other measures used by quantitative funds.