EUM vs. CARD

Last updated Jun 23, 2026

EUM (ProShares Short MSCI Emerging Markets) and CARD (Max Auto Industry -3X Inverse Leveraged ETN) are both Inverse Equities funds - EUM tracks the MSCI Emerging Markets Index (-100%) while CARD tracks the Prime Auto Industry Index - Benchmark TR Net (--300%). Both are passively managed. Over the past year, EUM returned -35.38% vs -35.59% for CARD. A 0.51 correlation means they provide meaningful diversification when combined. Both charge a 0.95% expense ratio.

Performance

EUM vs. CARD - Performance Comparison

The chart below illustrates the hypothetical performance of a $10,000 investment in ProShares Short MSCI Emerging Markets (EUM) and Max Auto Industry -3X Inverse Leveraged ETN (CARD). The values are adjusted to include any dividend payments, if applicable.

Returns By Period

In the year-to-date period, EUM achieves a -24.55% return, which is significantly lower than CARD's 2.96% return.

EUM

• 1D: -0.53%
• 1M: -8.49%
• YTD: -24.55%
• 6M: -25.44%
• 1Y: -35.38%
• 3Y*: -17.17%
• 5Y*: -6.28%
• 10Y*: -10.88%

CARD

• 1D: 5.71%
• 1M: 0.62%
• YTD: 2.96%
• 6M: 14.44%
• 1Y: -35.59%
• 3Y*: —
• 5Y*: —
• 10Y*: —

*Multi-year figures are annualized to reflect compound growth (CAGR)

EUM vs. CARD - Yearly Performance Comparison

	2026 (YTD)	2025	2024	2023
EUM ProShares Short MSCI Emerging Markets	-24.55%	-22.61%	-0.83%	-0.61%
CARD Max Auto Industry -3X Inverse Leveraged ETN	2.96%	-60.21%	-58.19%	-32.77%

Correlation

The correlation between EUM and CARD is 0.55, which is moderate. They share some common price drivers but move independently often enough to provide real diversification benefit when combined.

	Correlation
Correlation (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	0.55
Correlation (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history since Jun 28, 2023	0.51

The correlation between EUM and CARD has been stable across timeframes, ranging from 0.51 to 0.55 - a consistent structural relationship.

Return for Risk

EUM vs. CARD — Risk / Return Rank

Compare risk-adjusted metric ranks to identify better-performing investments over the past 12 months.

EUM

EUM Risk / Return Rank: 0
EUM Sharpe Ratio Rank: 0
EUM Sortino Ratio Rank: 0
EUM Omega Ratio Rank: 0
EUM Calmar Ratio Rank: 0
EUM Martin Ratio Rank: 0

CARD

CARD Risk / Return Rank: 4
CARD Sharpe Ratio Rank: 5
CARD Sortino Ratio Rank: 5
CARD Omega Ratio Rank: 5
CARD Calmar Ratio Rank: 2
CARD Martin Ratio Rank: 3

The rank (0–100) shows how this investment's returns compare to the risk taken. Higher = better. Based on the past 12 months of data, combining Sharpe, Sortino, and other metrics used by quantitative funds and institutional investors.

EUM vs. CARD - Risk-Adjusted Trends Comparison

This table presents a comparison of risk-adjusted performance metrics for ProShares Short MSCI Emerging Markets (EUM) and Max Auto Industry -3X Inverse Leveraged ETN (CARD). Risk-adjusted metrics are performance indicators that assess an investment's returns in relation to its risk, enabling a more accurate comparison of different investment options.

Values are calculated on a 1-year rolling basis and updated daily. Risk-adjusted metrics are more stable over longer periods — use the period switch above to explore them.

	EUM	CARD	Difference
Sharpe ratio: Return per unit of total volatility	-1.58	-0.51	-1.07
Sortino ratio: Return per unit of downside risk	-2.43	-0.39	-2.04
Omega ratio: Gain probability vs. loss probability	0.72	0.96	-0.24
Calmar ratio: Return relative to maximum drawdown	-1.02	-0.77	-0.25
Martin ratio: Return relative to average drawdown	-1.97	-1.13	-0.84

EUM vs. CARD - Sharpe Ratio Comparison

The current EUM Sharpe Ratio is -1.58, which is lower than the CARD Sharpe Ratio of -0.51. The chart below compares the historical Sharpe Ratios of EUM and CARD, calculated using daily returns over the previous 12 months. A higher Sharpe Ratio indicates better risk-adjusted performance relative to the risk-free rate.

Drawdowns

EUM vs. CARD - Drawdown Comparison

The maximum EUM drawdown since its inception was -93.19%, roughly equal to the maximum CARD drawdown of -93.51%. Use the drawdown chart below to compare losses from any high point for EUM and CARD.

Drawdown Indicators

	EUM	CARD	Difference
Max Drawdown Largest peak-to-trough decline	-93.19%	-93.51%	+0.32%
Max Drawdown (1Y) Largest decline over 1 year	-34.91%	-46.42%	+11.51%
Max Drawdown (3Y) Largest decline over 3 years	-47.97%	—	—
Max Drawdown (5Y) Largest decline over 5 years	-50.87%	—	—
Max Drawdown (10Y) Largest decline over 10 years	-68.81%	—	—
Current Drawdown Current decline from peak	-93.19%	-92.26%	-0.93%
Average Drawdown Average peak-to-trough decline	-77.19%	-68.68%	-8.51%
Ulcer Index Depth and duration of drawdowns from previous peaks	18.47%	31.43%	-12.96%

Volatility

EUM vs. CARD - Volatility Comparison

The current volatility for ProShares Short MSCI Emerging Markets (EUM) is 10.98%, while Max Auto Industry -3X Inverse Leveraged ETN (CARD) has a volatility of 24.68%. This indicates that EUM experiences smaller price fluctuations and is considered to be less risky than CARD based on this measure. The chart below showcases a comparison of their rolling one-month volatility.

Volatility by Period

	EUM	CARD	Difference
Volatility (1M) Calculated over the trailing 1-month period	10.98%	24.68%	-13.70%
Volatility (6M) Calculated over the trailing 6-month period	20.20%	52.91%	-32.71%
Volatility (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	22.51%	70.33%	-47.82%
Volatility (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period, annualized	19.61%	80.77%	-61.16%
Volatility (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period, annualized	20.73%	80.77%	-60.04%

EUM vs. CARD - Expense Ratio Comparison

Both EUM and CARD have an expense ratio of 0.95%.

Dividends

EUM vs. CARD - Dividend Comparison

EUM's dividend yield for the trailing twelve months is around 4.73%, while CARD has not paid dividends to shareholders.

Position	TTM	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018
CARD Max Auto Industry -3X Inverse Leveraged ETN	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
EUM ProShares Short MSCI Emerging Markets	4.73%	3.98%	4.22%	3.86%	0.82%	0.00%	0.15%	1.35%	0.88%

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I hold both EUM and CARD in my portfolio?

EUM and CARD have a correlation of 0.55, meaning they provide meaningful diversification benefit when combined. Depending on your allocation goals, holding both could reduce overall portfolio risk.

Which is riskier, EUM or CARD?

CARD has higher volatility (24.68%) compared to EUM (10.98%). In terms of maximum drawdown, EUM dropped -93.19% vs CARD's -93.51%.

Which ETF is better, EUM or CARD?

On 1-year performance, EUM leads with -35.38% vs -35.59% for CARD. Both ETFs have the same 0.95% expense ratio. On volatility, EUM has been the lower-risk option at 10.98%. The better choice depends on whether you care most about return, fees, risk, or income.

Which ETF has performed better, EUM or CARD?

Over the 1-year period, EUM has performed better with a -35.38% return vs -35.59%. Past performance does not guarantee future results, so compare this with risk, fees, and fund exposure.

Which ETF is cheaper, EUM or CARD?

EUM and CARD have the same expense ratio: 0.95% per year.

Which ETF pays a higher dividend yield, EUM or CARD?

EUM has the higher dividend yield at 4.73%, compared with 0.00% for CARD.

What is the main difference between EUM and CARD?

EUM tracks MSCI Emerging Markets Index (-100%), while CARD tracks Prime Auto Industry Index - Benchmark TR Net (--300%). They also come from different issuers: ProShares and Max.

Which has better risk-adjusted returns?

CARD currently has the higher Sharpe Ratio (-0.51 vs -1.58), meaning it's delivered slightly more return per unit of risk over the trailing 12 months. However, this ranking shifts over time - use the Risk/Return Score above for a more comprehensive view that combines Sharpe, Sortino, and other measures used by quantitative funds.