VGK vs. UGA
VGK (Vanguard FTSE Europe ETF) and UGA (United States Gasoline Fund LP) are both exchange-traded funds - VGK is a Europe Equities fund tracking the FTSE Developed Europe All Cap Index, while UGA is a Oil & Gas fund tracking the Front Month Unleaded Gasoline. Both are passively managed. Over the past 10 years, VGK returned 10.38%/yr vs 14.31%/yr for UGA. At a 0.27 correlation, their price movements are largely independent. VGK charges 0.06%/yr vs 0.75%/yr for UGA.
Performance
VGK vs. UGA - Performance Comparison
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Returns By Period
In the year-to-date period, VGK achieves a 6.16% return, which is significantly lower than UGA's 64.09% return. Over the past 10 years, VGK has underperformed UGA with an annualized return of 10.38%, while UGA has yielded a comparatively higher 14.31% annualized return.
VGK
- 1D
- -1.24%
- 1M
- -0.13%
- YTD
- 6.16%
- 6M
- 6.16%
- 1Y
- 19.10%
- 3Y*
- 16.76%
- 5Y*
- 8.57%
- 10Y*
- 10.38%
UGA
- 1D
- -1.12%
- 1M
- -12.11%
- YTD
- 64.09%
- 6M
- 60.42%
- 1Y
- 59.74%
- 3Y*
- 18.95%
- 5Y*
- 22.69%
- 10Y*
- 14.31%
VGK vs. UGA - Yearly Performance Comparison
| 2026 (YTD) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
VGK Vanguard FTSE Europe ETF | 6.16% | 35.83% | 1.88% | 20.19% | -15.98% | 16.89% | 5.43% | 24.85% | -14.89% | 26.98% |
UGA United States Gasoline Fund LP | 64.09% | -2.00% | 3.77% | 1.27% | 46.34% | 68.49% | -24.88% | 41.25% | -28.07% | 1.69% |
Correlation
The correlation between VGK and UGA is -0.33, meaning they tend to move in opposite directions. This is especially valuable for risk management - when one declines, the other has historically tended to hold steady or rise.
| Correlation | |
|---|---|
Correlation (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period | -0.33 |
Correlation (3Y) Calculated over the trailing 3-year period | -0.11 |
Correlation (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period | 0.05 |
Correlation (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period | 0.17 |
Correlation (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history since Feb 28, 2008 | 0.27 |
The correlation between VGK and UGA shifts across timeframes, from -0.33 (1 year) to 0.27 (all time), reflecting how their relationship changes across market environments.
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Return for Risk
VGK vs. UGA — Risk / Return Rank
VGK
UGA
VGK vs. UGA - Risk-Adjusted Trends Comparison
This table presents a comparison of risk-adjusted performance metrics for Vanguard FTSE Europe ETF (VGK) and United States Gasoline Fund LP (UGA). Risk-adjusted metrics are performance indicators that assess an investment's returns in relation to its risk, enabling a more accurate comparison of different investment options.
Values are calculated on a 1-year rolling basis and updated daily. Risk-adjusted metrics are more stable over longer periods — use the period switch above to explore them.
| VGK | UGA | Difference | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sharpe ratioReturn per unit of total volatility | -0.51 | ||
| Sortino ratioReturn per unit of downside risk | -0.46 | ||
| Omega ratioGain probability vs. loss probability | 1.22 | 1.30 | -0.08 |
| Calmar ratioReturn relative to maximum drawdown | 1.59 | 3.17 | -1.58 |
| Martin ratioReturn relative to average drawdown | 5.89 | 9.39 | -3.50 |
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Drawdowns
VGK vs. UGA - Drawdown Comparison
The maximum VGK drawdown since its inception was -63.61%, smaller than the maximum UGA drawdown of -86.59%. Use the drawdown chart below to compare losses from any high point for VGK and UGA.
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Drawdown Indicators
| VGK | UGA | Difference | |
|---|---|---|---|
Max DrawdownLargest peak-to-trough decline | -63.61% | -86.59% | +22.98% |
Max Drawdown (1Y)Largest decline over 1 year | -12.09% | -18.96% | +6.87% |
Max Drawdown (3Y)Largest decline over 3 years | -14.31% | -26.68% | +12.37% |
Max Drawdown (5Y)Largest decline over 5 years | -32.74% | -38.11% | +5.37% |
Max Drawdown (10Y)Largest decline over 10 years | -37.24% | -75.89% | +38.65% |
Current DrawdownCurrent decline from peak | -1.91% | -18.05% | +16.14% |
Average DrawdownAverage peak-to-trough decline | -13.31% | -36.69% | +23.38% |
Ulcer IndexDepth and duration of drawdowns from previous peaks | 3.25% | 6.43% | -3.18% |
Volatility
VGK vs. UGA - Volatility Comparison
The current volatility for Vanguard FTSE Europe ETF (VGK) is 4.96%, while United States Gasoline Fund LP (UGA) has a volatility of 9.24%. This indicates that VGK experiences smaller price fluctuations and is considered to be less risky than UGA based on this measure. The chart below showcases a comparison of their rolling one-month volatility.
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Volatility by Period
| VGK | UGA | Difference | |
|---|---|---|---|
Volatility (1M)Calculated over the trailing 1-month period | 4.96% | 9.24% | -4.28% |
Volatility (6M)Calculated over the trailing 6-month period | 13.38% | 30.57% | -17.19% |
Volatility (1Y)Calculated over the trailing 1-year period | 15.81% | 35.22% | -19.41% |
Volatility (5Y)Calculated over the trailing 5-year period, annualized | 17.96% | 34.45% | -16.49% |
Volatility (10Y)Calculated over the trailing 10-year period, annualized | 18.56% | 37.22% | -18.66% |
VGK vs. UGA - Expense Ratio Comparison
VGK has a 0.06% expense ratio, which is lower than UGA's 0.75% expense ratio.
Dividends
VGK vs. UGA - Dividend Comparison
VGK's dividend yield for the trailing twelve months is around 2.95%, while UGA has not paid dividends to shareholders.
| Position | TTM | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
UGA United States Gasoline Fund LP | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
VGK Vanguard FTSE Europe ETF | 2.95% | 2.86% | 3.61% | 3.15% | 3.25% | 3.05% | 2.11% | 3.27% | 3.95% | 2.70% | 3.52% | 3.25% |
Frequently Asked Questions
VGK and UGA have a correlation of -0.33, meaning they provide meaningful diversification benefit when combined. Depending on your allocation goals, holding both could reduce overall portfolio risk.
UGA has higher volatility (9.24%) compared to VGK (4.96%). In terms of maximum drawdown, VGK dropped -63.61% vs UGA's -86.59%.
On 10-year performance, UGA leads with 14.31% vs 10.38% for VGK. On fees, VGK is cheaper at 0.06% per year. On volatility, VGK has been the lower-risk option at 4.96%. The better choice depends on whether you care most about return, fees, risk, or income.
Over the 10-year period, UGA has performed better with a 14.31% return vs 10.38%. Past performance does not guarantee future results, so compare this with risk, fees, and fund exposure.
VGK is cheaper with a 0.06% expense ratio, compared with 0.75% for UGA.
VGK has the higher dividend yield at 2.95%, compared with 0.00% for UGA.
VGK is categorized as Europe Equities, while UGA is Oil & Gas. VGK tracks FTSE Developed Europe All Cap Index, while UGA tracks Front Month Unleaded Gasoline. They also come from different issuers: Vanguard and Concierge Technologies. Their fees differ too: 0.06% for VGK and 0.75% for UGA.
UGA currently has the higher Sharpe Ratio (1.73 vs 1.21), meaning it's delivered slightly more return per unit of risk over the trailing 12 months. However, this ranking shifts over time - use the Risk/Return Score above for a more comprehensive view that combines Sharpe, Sortino, and other measures used by quantitative funds.
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