MULL vs. USO

Last updated Jun 3, 2026

MULL (GraniteShares 2x Long MU Daily ETF) and USO (United States Oil Fund LP) are both exchange-traded funds - MULL is a Leveraged Equities fund actively managed by GraniteShares, while USO is a Oil & Gas fund tracking the Front Month Light Sweet Crude Oil. MULL is actively managed, while USO is passively managed. Over the past year, MULL returned 6388.53% vs 97.37% for USO. At a 0.02 correlation, their price movements are largely independent. MULL charges 1.50%/yr vs 0.86%/yr for USO.

Performance

MULL vs. USO - Performance Comparison

The chart below illustrates the hypothetical performance of a $10,000 investment in GraniteShares 2x Long MU Daily ETF (MULL) and United States Oil Fund LP (USO). The values are adjusted to include any dividend payments, if applicable.

Returns By Period

In the year-to-date period, MULL achieves a 907.48% return, which is significantly higher than USO's 98.48% return.

MULL

• 1D: 5.57%
• 1M: 246.94%
• YTD: 907.48%
• 6M: 1,268.17%
• 1Y: 6,388.53%
• 3Y*: —
• 5Y*: —
• 10Y*: —

USO

• 1D: 1.31%
• 1M: -3.87%
• YTD: 98.48%
• 6M: 95.54%
• 1Y: 97.37%
• 3Y*: 28.86%
• 5Y*: 23.92%
• 10Y*: 3.80%

*Multi-year figures are annualized to reflect compound growth (CAGR)

MULL vs. USO - Yearly Performance Comparison

	2026 (YTD)	2025	2024
MULL GraniteShares 2x Long MU Daily ETF	907.48%	558.51%	-40.10%
USO United States Oil Fund LP	98.48%	-8.46%	6.88%

Correlation

The correlation between MULL and USO is -0.12, meaning they tend to move in opposite directions. This is especially valuable for risk management - when one declines, the other has historically tended to hold steady or rise.

	Correlation
Correlation (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	-0.12
Correlation (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history since Nov 13, 2024	0.02

The correlation between MULL and USO shifts across timeframes, from -0.12 (1 year) to 0.02 (all time), reflecting how their relationship changes across market environments.

Return for Risk

MULL vs. USO — Risk / Return Rank

Compare risk-adjusted metric ranks to identify better-performing investments over the past 12 months.

MULL

MULL Risk / Return Rank: 99
MULL Sharpe Ratio Rank: 100
MULL Sortino Ratio Rank: 98
MULL Omega Ratio Rank: 97
MULL Calmar Ratio Rank: 100
MULL Martin Ratio Rank: 100

USO

USO Risk / Return Rank: 66
USO Sharpe Ratio Rank: 66
USO Sortino Ratio Rank: 59
USO Omega Ratio Rank: 61
USO Calmar Ratio Rank: 88
USO Martin Ratio Rank: 55

The rank (0–100) shows how this investment's returns compare to the risk taken. Higher = better. Based on the past 12 months of data, combining Sharpe, Sortino, and other metrics used by quantitative funds and institutional investors.

MULL vs. USO - Risk-Adjusted Trends Comparison

This table presents a comparison of risk-adjusted performance metrics for GraniteShares 2x Long MU Daily ETF (MULL) and United States Oil Fund LP (USO). Risk-adjusted metrics are performance indicators that assess an investment's returns in relation to its risk, enabling a more accurate comparison of different investment options.

	MULL	USO	Difference
Sharpe ratio Return per unit of total volatility	49.08	2.22	+46.86
Sortino ratio Return per unit of downside risk	7.09	2.81	+4.28
Omega ratio Gain probability vs. loss probability	1.90	1.37	+0.52
Calmar ratio Return relative to maximum drawdown	130.56	5.12	+125.44
Martin ratio Return relative to average drawdown	439.01	9.66	+429.35
Data is calculated on a 1-year rolling basis and updated daily. The trend shows the change in the indicator over the past month.

MULL vs. USO - Sharpe Ratio Comparison

The current MULL Sharpe Ratio is 49.08, which is higher than the USO Sharpe Ratio of 2.22. The chart below compares the historical Sharpe Ratios of MULL and USO, calculated using daily returns over the previous 12 months. A higher Sharpe Ratio indicates better risk-adjusted performance relative to the risk-free rate.

Sharpe Ratios by Period

	MULL	USO	Difference
Sharpe Ratio (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	49.08	2.22	+46.86
Sharpe Ratio (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period	—	0.67	—
Sharpe Ratio (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period	—	0.10	—
Sharpe Ratio (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history	7.34	-0.18	+7.52

Drawdowns

MULL vs. USO - Drawdown Comparison

The maximum MULL drawdown since its inception was -72.29%, smaller than the maximum USO drawdown of -98.19%. Use the drawdown chart below to compare losses from any high point for MULL and USO.

Drawdown Indicators

	MULL	USO	Difference
Max Drawdown Largest peak-to-trough decline	-72.29%	-98.19%	+25.90%
Max Drawdown (1Y) Largest decline over 1 year	-53.09%	-20.39%	-32.70%
Max Drawdown (3Y) Largest decline over 3 years	—	-26.05%	—
Max Drawdown (5Y) Largest decline over 5 years	—	-36.23%	—
Max Drawdown (10Y) Largest decline over 10 years	—	-86.75%	—
Current Drawdown Current decline from peak	0.00%	-85.39%	+85.39%
Average Drawdown Average peak-to-trough decline	-20.67%	-75.30%	+54.63%
Ulcer Index Depth and duration of drawdowns from previous peaks	15.79%	10.81%	+4.98%

Volatility

MULL vs. USO - Volatility Comparison

GraniteShares 2x Long MU Daily ETF (MULL) has a higher volatility of 55.71% compared to United States Oil Fund LP (USO) at 15.03%. This indicates that MULL's price experiences larger fluctuations and is considered to be riskier than USO based on this measure. The chart below showcases a comparison of their rolling one-month volatility.

Volatility by Period

	MULL	USO	Difference
Volatility (1M) Calculated over the trailing 1-month period	55.71%	15.03%	+40.68%
Volatility (6M) Calculated over the trailing 6-month period	105.59%	38.18%	+67.41%
Volatility (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	132.53%	44.26%	+88.27%
Volatility (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period, annualized	136.39%	36.04%	+100.35%
Volatility (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period, annualized	136.39%	39.00%	+97.39%

MULL vs. USO - Expense Ratio Comparison

MULL has a 1.50% expense ratio, which is higher than USO's 0.86% expense ratio.

Dividends

MULL vs. USO - Dividend Comparison

MULL's dividend yield for the trailing twelve months is around 0.04%, while USO has not paid dividends to shareholders.

Position	TTM	2025
MULL GraniteShares 2x Long MU Daily ETF	0.04%	0.39%
USO United States Oil Fund LP	0.00%	0.00%

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I hold both MULL and USO in my portfolio?

MULL and USO have a correlation of -0.12, meaning they provide meaningful diversification benefit when combined. Depending on your allocation goals, holding both could reduce overall portfolio risk.

Which is riskier, MULL or USO?

MULL has higher volatility (55.71%) compared to USO (15.03%). In terms of maximum drawdown, MULL dropped -72.29% vs USO's -98.19%.

Which ETF is better, MULL or USO?

On 1-year performance, MULL leads with 6388.53% vs 97.37% for USO. On fees, USO is cheaper at 0.86% per year. On volatility, USO has been the lower-risk option at 15.03%. The better choice depends on whether you care most about return, fees, risk, or income.

Which ETF has performed better, MULL or USO?

Over the 1-year period, MULL has performed better with a 6388.53% return vs 97.37%. Past performance does not guarantee future results, so compare this with risk, fees, and fund exposure.

Which ETF is cheaper, MULL or USO?

USO is cheaper with a 0.86% expense ratio, compared with 1.50% for MULL.

Which ETF pays a higher dividend yield, MULL or USO?

MULL has the higher dividend yield at 0.04%, compared with 0.00% for USO.

What is the main difference between MULL and USO?

MULL is categorized as Leveraged Equities, while USO is Oil & Gas. They also come from different issuers: GraniteShares and USCF. Their fees differ too: 1.50% for MULL and 0.86% for USO.

Which has better risk-adjusted returns?

MULL currently has the higher Sharpe Ratio (49.08 vs 2.22), meaning it's delivered slightly more return per unit of risk over the trailing 12 months. However, this ranking shifts over time - use the Risk/Return Score above for a more comprehensive view that combines Sharpe, Sortino, and other measures used by quantitative funds.