VOOV vs. DIA

Last updated Jun 23, 2026

VOOV (Vanguard S&P 500 Value ETF) and DIA (State Street SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust) are both exchange-traded funds - VOOV is a Large Cap Value Equities fund tracking the S&P 500 Value Index, while DIA is a Large Cap Blend Equities fund tracking the Dow Jones Industrial Average. Both are passively managed. Over the past 10 years, VOOV returned 12.14%/yr vs 13.70%/yr for DIA. Their correlation of 0.91 suggests significant overlap in exposure. VOOV charges 0.07%/yr vs 0.16%/yr for DIA.

Performance

VOOV vs. DIA - Performance Comparison

The chart below illustrates the hypothetical performance of a $10,000 investment in Vanguard S&P 500 Value ETF (VOOV) and State Street SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust (DIA). The values are adjusted to include any dividend payments, if applicable.

Returns By Period

In the year-to-date period, VOOV achieves a 7.89% return, which is significantly lower than DIA's 8.40% return. Over the past 10 years, VOOV has underperformed DIA with an annualized return of 12.14%, while DIA has yielded a comparatively higher 13.70% annualized return.

VOOV

• 1D: 0.25%
• 1M: -0.07%
• YTD: 7.89%
• 6M: 7.27%
• 1Y: 21.39%
• 3Y*: 15.29%
• 5Y*: 11.39%
• 10Y*: 12.14%

DIA

• 1D: 0.30%
• 1M: 2.44%
• YTD: 8.40%
• 6M: 7.75%
• 1Y: 24.46%
• 3Y*: 17.24%
• 5Y*: 10.75%
• 10Y*: 13.70%

*Multi-year figures are annualized to reflect compound growth (CAGR)

VOOV vs. DIA - Yearly Performance Comparison

	2026 (YTD)	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017
VOOV Vanguard S&P 500 Value ETF	7.89%	13.10%	12.21%	22.15%	-5.37%	24.87%	1.23%	31.75%	-9.09%	15.26%
DIA State Street SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust	8.40%	14.71%	14.82%	16.02%	-7.02%	20.83%	9.59%	24.70%	-3.74%	28.08%

Correlation

The correlation between VOOV and DIA is 0.89, indicating a strong positive relationship between their price movements. Combining them offers limited diversification - they tend to fall together during downturns.

	Correlation
Correlation (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	0.89
Correlation (3Y) Calculated over the trailing 3-year period	0.89
Correlation (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period	0.92
Correlation (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period	0.92
Correlation (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history since Sep 9, 2010	0.91

The correlation between VOOV and DIA has been stable across timeframes, ranging from 0.89 to 0.92 - a consistent structural relationship.

VOOV vs. DIA - Sectors Allocation Comparison

Sectors	VOOV	DIA
Technology	19.0%	19.1%
Financial Services	15.0%	27.3%
Healthcare	11.6%	12.8%
Consumer Cyclical	11.1%	11.0%
Industrials	11.0%	18.1%
Consumer Defensive	9.5%	4.1%
Energy	7.6%	2.2%
Utilities	4.6%	-
Basic Materials	3.5%	3.7%
Real Estate	3.4%	-
Communication Services	3.3%	1.8%

Return for Risk

VOOV vs. DIA — Risk / Return Rank

Compare risk-adjusted metric ranks to identify better-performing investments over the past 12 months.

VOOV

VOOV Risk / Return Rank: 69
VOOV Sharpe Ratio Rank: 69
VOOV Sortino Ratio Rank: 68
VOOV Omega Ratio Rank: 67
VOOV Calmar Ratio Rank: 70
VOOV Martin Ratio Rank: 72

DIA

DIA Risk / Return Rank: 59
DIA Sharpe Ratio Rank: 62
DIA Sortino Ratio Rank: 65
DIA Omega Ratio Rank: 59
DIA Calmar Ratio Rank: 52
DIA Martin Ratio Rank: 57

The rank (0–100) shows how this investment's returns compare to the risk taken. Higher = better. Based on the past 12 months of data, combining Sharpe, Sortino, and other metrics used by quantitative funds and institutional investors.

VOOV vs. DIA - Risk-Adjusted Trends Comparison

This table presents a comparison of risk-adjusted performance metrics for Vanguard S&P 500 Value ETF (VOOV) and State Street SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust (DIA). Risk-adjusted metrics are performance indicators that assess an investment's returns in relation to its risk, enabling a more accurate comparison of different investment options.

Values are calculated on a 1-year rolling basis and updated daily. Risk-adjusted metrics are more stable over longer periods — use the period switch above to explore them.

	VOOV	DIA	Difference
Sharpe ratio: Return per unit of total volatility	2.16	1.98	+0.18
Sortino ratio: Return per unit of downside risk	2.98	2.87	+0.11
Omega ratio: Gain probability vs. loss probability	1.38	1.35	+0.03
Calmar ratio: Return relative to maximum drawdown	3.43	2.52	+0.91
Martin ratio: Return relative to average drawdown	13.00	9.72	+3.28

VOOV vs. DIA - Sharpe Ratio Comparison

The current VOOV Sharpe Ratio is 2.16, which is comparable to the DIA Sharpe Ratio of 1.98. The chart below compares the historical Sharpe Ratios of VOOV and DIA, calculated using daily returns over the previous 12 months. A higher Sharpe Ratio indicates better risk-adjusted performance relative to the risk-free rate.

Drawdowns

VOOV vs. DIA - Drawdown Comparison

The maximum VOOV drawdown since its inception was -37.31%, smaller than the maximum DIA drawdown of -51.87%. Use the drawdown chart below to compare losses from any high point for VOOV and DIA.

Drawdown Indicators

	VOOV	DIA	Difference
Max Drawdown Largest peak-to-trough decline	-37.31%	-51.87%	+14.56%
Max Drawdown (1Y) Largest decline over 1 year	-6.27%	-9.76%	+3.49%
Max Drawdown (3Y) Largest decline over 3 years	-17.55%	-15.95%	-1.60%
Max Drawdown (5Y) Largest decline over 5 years	-18.10%	-20.76%	+2.66%
Max Drawdown (10Y) Largest decline over 10 years	-37.31%	-36.70%	-0.61%
Current Drawdown Current decline from peak	-0.92%	-0.57%	-0.35%
Average Drawdown Average peak-to-trough decline	-3.83%	-7.13%	+3.30%
Ulcer Index Depth and duration of drawdowns from previous peaks	1.65%	2.52%	-0.87%

Volatility

VOOV vs. DIA - Volatility Comparison

The current volatility for Vanguard S&P 500 Value ETF (VOOV) is 2.94%, while State Street SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust (DIA) has a volatility of 4.16%. This indicates that VOOV experiences smaller price fluctuations and is considered to be less risky than DIA based on this measure. The chart below showcases a comparison of their rolling one-month volatility.

Volatility by Period

	VOOV	DIA	Difference
Volatility (1M) Calculated over the trailing 1-month period	2.94%	4.16%	-1.22%
Volatility (6M) Calculated over the trailing 6-month period	7.36%	9.76%	-2.40%
Volatility (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	9.98%	12.45%	-2.47%
Volatility (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period, annualized	14.44%	14.84%	-0.40%
Volatility (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period, annualized	16.96%	17.57%	-0.61%

VOOV vs. DIA - Expense Ratio Comparison

VOOV has a 0.07% expense ratio, which is lower than DIA's 0.16% expense ratio. Despite the difference, both funds are considered low-cost compared to the broader market, where average expense ratios usually range from 0.3% to 0.9%.

Dividends

VOOV vs. DIA - Dividend Comparison

VOOV's dividend yield for the trailing twelve months is around 1.67%, more than DIA's 1.39% yield.

Position	TTM	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017	2016	2015
DIA State Street SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust	1.39%	1.43%	1.61%	1.81%	1.91%	1.58%	1.87%	1.85%	2.24%	1.97%	2.26%	2.33%
VOOV Vanguard S&P 500 Value ETF	1.67%	1.76%	2.10%	1.69%	2.19%	1.87%	2.45%	2.10%	2.65%	2.13%	2.24%	2.36%

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I hold both VOOV and DIA in my portfolio?

VOOV and DIA have a correlation of 0.89, meaning they provide meaningful diversification benefit when combined. Depending on your allocation goals, holding both could reduce overall portfolio risk.

Which is riskier, VOOV or DIA?

DIA has higher volatility (4.16%) compared to VOOV (2.94%). In terms of maximum drawdown, VOOV dropped -37.31% vs DIA's -51.87%.

Which ETF is better, VOOV or DIA?

On 10-year performance, DIA leads with 13.70% vs 12.14% for VOOV. On fees, VOOV is cheaper at 0.07% per year. On volatility, VOOV has been the lower-risk option at 2.94%. The better choice depends on whether you care most about return, fees, risk, or income.

Which ETF has performed better, VOOV or DIA?

Over the 10-year period, DIA has performed better with a 13.70% return vs 12.14%. Past performance does not guarantee future results, so compare this with risk, fees, and fund exposure.

Which ETF is cheaper, VOOV or DIA?

VOOV is cheaper with a 0.07% expense ratio, compared with 0.16% for DIA.

Which ETF pays a higher dividend yield, VOOV or DIA?

VOOV has the higher dividend yield at 1.67%, compared with 1.39% for DIA.

What is the main difference between VOOV and DIA?

VOOV is categorized as Large Cap Value Equities, while DIA is Large Cap Blend Equities. VOOV tracks S&P 500 Value Index, while DIA tracks Dow Jones Industrial Average. They also come from different issuers: Vanguard and State Street. Their fees differ too: 0.07% for VOOV and 0.16% for DIA.

Which has better risk-adjusted returns?

VOOV currently has the higher Sharpe Ratio (2.16 vs 1.98), meaning it's delivered slightly more return per unit of risk over the trailing 12 months. However, this ranking shifts over time - use the Risk/Return Score above for a more comprehensive view that combines Sharpe, Sortino, and other measures used by quantitative funds.