SPY vs. ^DJI

Last updated Jun 6, 2026

SPY (State Street SPDR S&P 500 ETF) is S&P 500 fund tracking the S&P 500 Index, while ^DJI (Dow Jones Industrial Average) is an index. Over the past 10 years, SPY returned 15.16%/yr vs 11.15%/yr for ^DJI. Their correlation of 0.91 suggests significant overlap in exposure.

Performance

SPY vs. ^DJI - Performance Comparison

The chart below illustrates the hypothetical performance of a $10,000 investment in State Street SPDR S&P 500 ETF (SPY) and Dow Jones Industrial Average (^DJI). The values are adjusted to include any dividend payments, if applicable.

Returns By Period

In the year-to-date period, SPY achieves a 8.45% return, which is significantly higher than ^DJI's 7.28% return. Over the past 10 years, SPY has outperformed ^DJI with an annualized return of 15.16%, while ^DJI has yielded a comparatively lower 11.15% annualized return.

SPY

• 1D: -2.58%
• 1M: 0.51%
• YTD: 8.45%
• 6M: 8.18%
• 1Y: 25.79%
• 3Y*: 21.43%
• 5Y*: 13.32%
• 10Y*: 15.16%

^DJI

• 1D: 1.73%
• 1M: 3.31%
• YTD: 7.28%
• 6M: 7.52%
• 1Y: 21.84%
• 3Y*: 15.39%
• 5Y*: 8.21%
• 10Y*: 11.15%

*Multi-year figures are annualized to reflect compound growth (CAGR)

SPY vs. ^DJI - Yearly Performance Comparison

	2026 (YTD)	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017
SPY State Street SPDR S&P 500 ETF	8.45%	17.72%	24.89%	26.18%	-18.18%	28.73%	18.33%	31.22%	-4.57%	21.71%
^DJI Dow Jones Industrial Average	7.28%	12.97%	12.88%	13.70%	-8.78%	18.73%	7.25%	22.34%	-5.63%	25.08%

Correlation

The correlation between SPY and ^DJI is 0.82, indicating a strong positive relationship between their price movements. Combining them offers limited diversification - they tend to fall together during downturns.

	Correlation
Correlation (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	0.82
Correlation (3Y) Calculated over the trailing 3-year period	0.82
Correlation (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period	0.88
Correlation (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period	0.89
Correlation (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history since Feb 1, 1993	0.91

The correlation between SPY and ^DJI has been stable across timeframes, ranging from 0.82 to 0.91 - a consistent structural relationship.

Return for Risk

SPY vs. ^DJI — Risk / Return Rank

Compare risk-adjusted metric ranks to identify better-performing investments over the past 12 months.

SPY

SPY Risk / Return Rank: 66
SPY Sharpe Ratio Rank: 66
SPY Sortino Ratio Rank: 63
SPY Omega Ratio Rank: 66
SPY Calmar Ratio Rank: 60
SPY Martin Ratio Rank: 73

^DJI

^DJI Risk / Return Rank: 60
^DJI Sharpe Ratio Rank: 62
^DJI Sortino Ratio Rank: 67
^DJI Omega Ratio Rank: 61
^DJI Calmar Ratio Rank: 56
^DJI Martin Ratio Rank: 58

The rank (0–100) shows how this investment's returns compare to the risk taken. Higher = better. Based on the past 12 months of data, combining Sharpe, Sortino, and other metrics used by quantitative funds and institutional investors.

SPY vs. ^DJI - Risk-Adjusted Trends Comparison

This table presents a comparison of risk-adjusted performance metrics for State Street SPDR S&P 500 ETF (SPY) and Dow Jones Industrial Average (^DJI). Risk-adjusted metrics are performance indicators that assess an investment's returns in relation to its risk, enabling a more accurate comparison of different investment options.

	SPY	^DJI	Difference
Sharpe ratio: Return per unit of total volatility	2.14	1.77	+0.37
Sortino ratio: Return per unit of downside risk	2.88	2.59	+0.29
Omega ratio: Gain probability vs. loss probability	1.39	1.31	+0.08
Calmar ratio: Return relative to maximum drawdown	2.92	2.16	+0.75
Martin ratio: Return relative to average drawdown	13.50	8.21	+5.29
Data is calculated on a 1-year rolling basis and updated daily. The trend shows the change in the indicator over the past month.

SPY vs. ^DJI - Sharpe Ratio Comparison

The current SPY Sharpe Ratio is 2.14, which is comparable to the ^DJI Sharpe Ratio of 1.77. The chart below compares the historical Sharpe Ratios of SPY and ^DJI, calculated using daily returns over the previous 12 months. A higher Sharpe Ratio indicates better risk-adjusted performance relative to the risk-free rate.

Sharpe Ratios by Period

	SPY	^DJI	Difference
Sharpe Ratio (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	2.14	1.77	+0.37
Sharpe Ratio (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period	0.78	0.56	+0.23
Sharpe Ratio (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period	0.85	0.63	+0.21
Sharpe Ratio (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history	0.58	0.45	+0.13

Drawdowns

SPY vs. ^DJI - Drawdown Comparison

The maximum SPY drawdown since its inception was -55.19%, roughly equal to the maximum ^DJI drawdown of -53.78%. Use the drawdown chart below to compare losses from any high point for SPY and ^DJI.

Drawdown Indicators

	SPY	^DJI	Difference
Max Drawdown Largest peak-to-trough decline	-55.19%	-53.78%	-1.41%
Max Drawdown (1Y) Largest decline over 1 year	-8.88%	-10.01%	+1.13%
Max Drawdown (3Y) Largest decline over 3 years	-18.76%	-16.37%	-2.39%
Max Drawdown (5Y) Largest decline over 5 years	-24.50%	-21.94%	-2.56%
Max Drawdown (10Y) Largest decline over 10 years	-33.72%	-37.09%	+3.37%
Current Drawdown Current decline from peak	-2.90%	0.00%	-2.90%
Average Drawdown Average peak-to-trough decline	-9.05%	-9.39%	+0.34%
Ulcer Index Depth and duration of drawdowns from previous peaks	1.91%	2.63%	-0.72%

Volatility

SPY vs. ^DJI - Volatility Comparison

State Street SPDR S&P 500 ETF (SPY) has a higher volatility of 3.73% compared to Dow Jones Industrial Average (^DJI) at 3.39%. This indicates that SPY's price experiences larger fluctuations and is considered to be riskier than ^DJI based on this measure. The chart below showcases a comparison of their rolling one-month volatility.

Volatility by Period

	SPY	^DJI	Difference
Volatility (1M) Calculated over the trailing 1-month period	3.73%	3.39%	+0.34%
Volatility (6M) Calculated over the trailing 6-month period	9.31%	9.49%	-0.18%
Volatility (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	12.12%	12.24%	-0.12%
Volatility (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period, annualized	17.09%	14.83%	+2.26%
Volatility (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period, annualized	17.95%	17.61%	+0.34%

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I hold both SPY and ^DJI in my portfolio?

SPY and ^DJI have a correlation of 0.82, meaning they provide meaningful diversification benefit when combined. Depending on your allocation goals, holding both could reduce overall portfolio risk.

Which is riskier, SPY or ^DJI?

SPY has higher volatility (3.73%) compared to ^DJI (3.39%). In terms of maximum drawdown, SPY dropped -55.19% vs ^DJI's -53.78%.

Which has better risk-adjusted returns?

SPY currently has the higher Sharpe Ratio (2.14 vs 1.77), meaning it's delivered slightly more return per unit of risk over the trailing 12 months. However, this ranking shifts over time - use the Risk/Return Score above for a more comprehensive view that combines Sharpe, Sortino, and other measures used by quantitative funds.