RAND vs. O

Last updated Jun 4, 2026

RAND (Rand Capital Corporation) and O (Realty Income Corporation) are both stocks. RAND operates in Asset Management (Financial Services), while O operates in REIT - Retail (Real Estate). Over the past 10 years, RAND returned 1.78%/yr vs 4.58%/yr for O. At a 0.02 correlation, their price movements are largely independent.

Performance

RAND vs. O - Performance Comparison

The chart below illustrates the hypothetical performance of a $10,000 investment in Rand Capital Corporation (RAND) and Realty Income Corporation (O). The values are adjusted to include any dividend payments, if applicable.

Returns By Period

In the year-to-date period, RAND achieves a -3.65% return, which is significantly lower than O's 8.26% return. Over the past 10 years, RAND has underperformed O with an annualized return of 1.78%, while O has yielded a comparatively higher 4.58% annualized return.

RAND

• 1D: -2.86%
• 1M: -1.09%
• YTD: -3.65%
• 6M: -18.90%
• 1Y: -22.22%
• 3Y*: 8.26%
• 5Y*: 0.07%
• 10Y*: 1.78%

O

• 1D: -0.32%
• 1M: -5.46%
• YTD: 8.26%
• 6M: 5.55%
• 1Y: 12.57%
• 3Y*: 5.73%
• 5Y*: 2.47%
• 10Y*: 4.58%

*Multi-year figures are annualized to reflect compound growth (CAGR)

RAND vs. O - Yearly Performance Comparison

	2026 (YTD)	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017
RAND Rand Capital Corporation	-3.65%	-34.86%	91.43%	7.45%	-17.05%	-0.95%	69.87%	7.20%	-17.22%	-4.43%
O Realty Income Corporation	8.26%	12.20%	-2.11%	-4.55%	-7.38%	23.95%	-11.60%	21.27%	15.94%	3.67%

Correlation

The correlation between RAND and O is 0.04, meaning there is essentially no relationship between their price movements. Each responds to its own set of market drivers, making them strong candidates for combining in a diversified portfolio.

	Correlation
Correlation (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	0.04
Correlation (3Y) Calculated over the trailing 3-year period	0.08
Correlation (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period	0.05
Correlation (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period	0.04
Correlation (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history since Aug 21, 1995	0.02

Fundamentals

EPS RAND : -$2.81 O : $1.17
Total Revenue (TTM) RAND : -$3.23M O : $5.92B
Gross Profit (TTM) RAND : -$4.74M O : $3.89B
EBITDA (TTM) RAND : -$6.47M O : $3.93B

Return for Risk

RAND vs. O — Risk / Return Rank

Compare risk-adjusted metric ranks to identify better-performing investments over the past 12 months.

RAND

RAND Risk / Return Rank: 22
RAND Sharpe Ratio Rank: 20
RAND Sortino Ratio Rank: 21
RAND Omega Ratio Rank: 20
RAND Calmar Ratio Rank: 23
RAND Martin Ratio Rank: 26

O

O Risk / Return Rank: 61
O Sharpe Ratio Rank: 66
O Sortino Ratio Rank: 56
O Omega Ratio Rank: 55
O Calmar Ratio Rank: 63
O Martin Ratio Rank: 65

The rank (0–100) shows how this investment's returns compare to the risk taken. Higher = better. Based on the past 12 months of data, combining Sharpe, Sortino, and other metrics used by quantitative funds and institutional investors.

RAND vs. O - Risk-Adjusted Trends Comparison

This table presents a comparison of risk-adjusted performance metrics for Rand Capital Corporation (RAND) and Realty Income Corporation (O). Risk-adjusted metrics are performance indicators that assess an investment's returns in relation to its risk, enabling a more accurate comparison of different investment options.

	RAND	O	Difference
Sharpe ratio Return per unit of total volatility	-0.50	0.79	-1.29
Sortino ratio Return per unit of downside risk	-0.45	1.13	-1.58
Omega ratio Gain probability vs. loss probability	0.94	1.14	-0.20
Calmar ratio Return relative to maximum drawdown	-0.52	1.14	-1.66
Martin ratio Return relative to average drawdown	-0.79	2.88	-3.67
Data is calculated on a 1-year rolling basis and updated daily. The trend shows the change in the indicator over the past month.

RAND vs. O - Sharpe Ratio Comparison

The current RAND Sharpe Ratio is -0.50, which is lower than the O Sharpe Ratio of 0.79. The chart below compares the historical Sharpe Ratios of RAND and O, calculated using daily returns over the previous 12 months. A higher Sharpe Ratio indicates better risk-adjusted performance relative to the risk-free rate.

Sharpe Ratios by Period

	RAND	O	Difference
Sharpe Ratio (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	-0.50	0.79	-1.29
Sharpe Ratio (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period	0.00	0.13	-0.13
Sharpe Ratio (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period	0.04	0.18	-0.14
Sharpe Ratio (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history	-0.01	0.48	-0.50

Drawdowns

RAND vs. O - Drawdown Comparison

The maximum RAND drawdown since its inception was -89.66%, which is greater than O's maximum drawdown of -48.45%. Use the drawdown chart below to compare losses from any high point for RAND and O.

Drawdown Indicators

	RAND	O	Difference
Max Drawdown Largest peak-to-trough decline	-89.66%	-48.45%	-41.21%
Max Drawdown (1Y) Largest decline over 1 year	-42.76%	-11.10%	-31.66%
Max Drawdown (3Y) Largest decline over 3 years	-60.11%	-26.49%	-33.62%
Max Drawdown (5Y) Largest decline over 5 years	-60.11%	-34.48%	-25.63%
Max Drawdown (10Y) Largest decline over 10 years	-60.11%	-48.28%	-11.83%
Current Drawdown Current decline from peak	-57.61%	-10.44%	-47.17%
Average Drawdown Average peak-to-trough decline	-67.71%	-9.21%	-58.50%
Ulcer Index Depth and duration of drawdowns from previous peaks	28.32%	4.37%	+23.95%

Volatility

RAND vs. O - Volatility Comparison

Rand Capital Corporation (RAND) has a higher volatility of 13.33% compared to Realty Income Corporation (O) at 5.48%. This indicates that RAND's price experiences larger fluctuations and is considered to be riskier than O based on this measure. The chart below showcases a comparison of their rolling one-month volatility.

Volatility by Period

	RAND	O	Difference
Volatility (1M) Calculated over the trailing 1-month period	13.33%	5.48%	+7.85%
Volatility (6M) Calculated over the trailing 6-month period	37.31%	11.72%	+25.59%
Volatility (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	44.53%	15.95%	+28.58%
Volatility (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period, annualized	42.50%	18.87%	+23.63%
Volatility (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period, annualized	46.62%	25.63%	+20.99%

Dividends

RAND vs. O - Dividend Comparison

RAND's dividend yield for the trailing twelve months is around 16.51%, more than O's 5.42% yield.

Position	TTM	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017	2016	2015
O Realty Income Corporation	5.42%	6.19%	5.37%	5.33%	4.68%	3.87%	4.51%	3.69%	4.19%	4.45%	4.18%	4.41%
RAND Rand Capital Corporation	16.51%	15.15%	26.13%	10.24%	6.23%	2.59%	90.40%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%

Financials

RAND vs. O - Profitability Comparison

The chart below illustrates the profitability comparison between Rand Capital Corporation and Realty Income Corporation over time, highlighting three key metrics: Gross Profit Margin, Operating Margin, and Net Profit Margin.

RAND - Gross Margin

Gross margin is calculated as gross profit divided by revenue. For the three months ending on Jun 2026, Rand Capital Corporation reported a gross profit of 0.00 and revenue of 1.24M. Therefore, the gross margin over that period was 0.0%.

O - Gross Margin

Gross margin is calculated as gross profit divided by revenue. For the three months ending on Jun 2026, Realty Income Corporation reported a gross profit of 0.00 and revenue of 1.55B. Therefore, the gross margin over that period was 0.0%.

RAND - Operating Margin

Operating margin is calculated as operating income divided by revenue. For the three months ending on Jun 2026, Rand Capital Corporation reported an operating income of 0.00 and revenue of 1.24M, resulting in an operating margin of 0.0%.

O - Operating Margin

Operating margin is calculated as operating income divided by revenue. For the three months ending on Jun 2026, Realty Income Corporation reported an operating income of 0.00 and revenue of 1.55B, resulting in an operating margin of 0.0%.

RAND - Net Margin

Net margin is calculated as net income divided by revenue. For the three months ending on Jun 2026, Rand Capital Corporation reported a net income of 545.03K and revenue of 1.24M, resulting in a net margin of 44.0%.

O - Net Margin

Net margin is calculated as net income divided by revenue. For the three months ending on Jun 2026, Realty Income Corporation reported a net income of -9.17M and revenue of 1.55B, resulting in a net margin of -0.6%.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I hold both RAND and O in my portfolio?

RAND and O have a correlation of 0.04, meaning they provide meaningful diversification benefit when combined. Depending on your allocation goals, holding both could reduce overall portfolio risk.

Which is riskier, RAND or O?

RAND has higher volatility (13.33%) compared to O (5.48%). In terms of maximum drawdown, RAND dropped -89.66% vs O's -48.45%.

Which has better risk-adjusted returns?

O currently has the higher Sharpe Ratio (0.79 vs -0.50), meaning it's delivered slightly more return per unit of risk over the trailing 12 months. However, this ranking shifts over time - use the Risk/Return Score above for a more comprehensive view that combines Sharpe, Sortino, and other measures used by quantitative funds.