DIA vs. VMFXX

Last updated Jun 13, 2026

DIA (State Street SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust) and VMFXX (Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund) are both funds - DIA is a Large Cap Blend Equities fund tracking the Dow Jones Industrial Average, while VMFXX is a Money Market fund managed by Vanguard. Over the past 5 years, DIA returned 10.14%/yr vs 2.39%/yr for VMFXX. At a 0.05 correlation, their price movements are largely independent. DIA charges 0.16%/yr vs 0.11%/yr for VMFXX.

Performance

DIA vs. VMFXX - Performance Comparison

The chart below illustrates the hypothetical performance of a $10,000 investment in State Street SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust (DIA) and Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund (VMFXX). The values are adjusted to include any dividend payments, if applicable.

Returns By Period

In the year-to-date period, DIA achieves a 7.27% return, which is significantly higher than VMFXX's 1.50% return.

DIA

• 1D: 0.73%
• 1M: 3.26%
• YTD: 7.27%
• 6M: 6.43%
• 1Y: 21.01%
• 3Y*: 16.29%
• 5Y*: 10.14%
• 10Y*: 13.40%

VMFXX

• 1D: 0.00%
• 1M: 0.30%
• YTD: 1.50%
• 6M: 1.82%
• 1Y: 3.95%
• 3Y*: 3.35%
• 5Y*: 2.39%
• 10Y*: —

*Multi-year figures are annualized to reflect compound growth (CAGR)

DIA vs. VMFXX - Yearly Performance Comparison

	2026 (YTD)	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021
DIA State Street SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust	7.27%	14.71%	14.82%	16.02%	-7.02%	6.69%
VMFXX Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund	1.50%	4.24%	1.64%	4.64%	0.00%	0.00%

Correlation

The correlation between DIA and VMFXX is 0.03, meaning there is essentially no relationship between their price movements. Each responds to its own set of market drivers, making them strong candidates for combining in a diversified portfolio.

	Correlation
Correlation (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	0.03
Correlation (3Y) Calculated over the trailing 3-year period	0.06
Correlation (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period	0.05
Correlation (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history since May 25, 2021	0.05

DIA vs. VMFXX - Sectors Allocation Comparison

Sectors	DIA	VMFXX
Financial Services	27.2%	17.5%
Industrials	18.4%	-
Technology	17.1%	-
Healthcare	13.1%	-
Consumer Cyclical	11.6%	-
Consumer Defensive	4.4%	-
Basic Materials	4.0%	-
Energy	2.4%	-
Communication Services	1.9%	-
Real Estate	-	-
Utilities	-	-

Return for Risk

DIA vs. VMFXX — Risk / Return Rank

Compare risk-adjusted metric ranks to identify better-performing investments over the past 12 months.

DIA

DIA Risk / Return Rank: 55
DIA Sharpe Ratio Rank: 57
DIA Sortino Ratio Rank: 60
DIA Omega Ratio Rank: 55
DIA Calmar Ratio Rank: 49
DIA Martin Ratio Rank: 55

VMFXX

Risk / return metrics aren't available yet — we need at least 12 months of trading data to calculate them.

The rank (0–100) shows how this investment's returns compare to the risk taken. Higher = better. Based on the past 12 months of data, combining Sharpe, Sortino, and other metrics used by quantitative funds and institutional investors.

DIA vs. VMFXX - Risk-Adjusted Trends Comparison

This table presents a comparison of risk-adjusted performance metrics for State Street SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust (DIA) and Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund (VMFXX). Risk-adjusted metrics are performance indicators that assess an investment's returns in relation to its risk, enabling a more accurate comparison of different investment options.

Values are calculated on a 1-year rolling basis and updated daily. Risk-adjusted metrics are more stable over longer periods — use the period switch above to explore them.

	DIA	VMFXX	Difference
Sharpe ratio: Return per unit of total volatility	1.69	3.67	-1.99
Sortino ratio: Return per unit of downside risk	2.46	—	—
Omega ratio: Gain probability vs. loss probability	1.30	—	—
Calmar ratio: Return relative to maximum drawdown	2.16	—	—
Martin ratio: Return relative to average drawdown	8.35	—	—

DIA vs. VMFXX - Sharpe Ratio Comparison

The current DIA Sharpe Ratio is 1.69, which is lower than the VMFXX Sharpe Ratio of 3.67. The chart below compares the historical Sharpe Ratios of DIA and VMFXX, calculated using daily returns over the previous 12 months. A higher Sharpe Ratio indicates better risk-adjusted performance relative to the risk-free rate.

Drawdowns

DIA vs. VMFXX - Drawdown Comparison

The maximum DIA drawdown since its inception was -51.87%, which is greater than VMFXX's maximum drawdown of 0.00%. Use the drawdown chart below to compare losses from any high point for DIA and VMFXX.

Drawdown Indicators

	DIA	VMFXX	Difference
Max Drawdown Largest peak-to-trough decline	-51.87%	0.00%	-51.87%
Max Drawdown (1Y) Largest decline over 1 year	-9.76%	0.00%	-9.76%
Max Drawdown (3Y) Largest decline over 3 years	-15.95%	0.00%	-15.95%
Max Drawdown (5Y) Largest decline over 5 years	-20.76%	0.00%	-20.76%
Max Drawdown (10Y) Largest decline over 10 years	-36.70%	—	—
Current Drawdown Current decline from peak	-0.70%	0.00%	-0.70%
Average Drawdown Average peak-to-trough decline	-7.14%	0.00%	-7.14%
Ulcer Index Depth and duration of drawdowns from previous peaks	2.53%	0.00%	+2.53%

Volatility

DIA vs. VMFXX - Volatility Comparison

State Street SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust (DIA) has a higher volatility of 4.32% compared to Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund (VMFXX) at 0.30%. This indicates that DIA's price experiences larger fluctuations and is considered to be riskier than VMFXX based on this measure. The chart below showcases a comparison of their rolling one-month volatility.

Volatility by Period

	DIA	VMFXX	Difference
Volatility (1M) Calculated over the trailing 1-month period	4.32%	0.30%	+4.02%
Volatility (6M) Calculated over the trailing 6-month period	9.78%	0.79%	+8.99%
Volatility (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	12.52%	1.12%	+11.40%
Volatility (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period, annualized	14.85%	0.94%	+13.91%
Volatility (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period, annualized	17.56%	0.94%	+16.62%

DIA vs. VMFXX - Expense Ratio Comparison

DIA has a 0.16% expense ratio, which is higher than VMFXX's 0.11% expense ratio. However, both funds are considered low-cost compared to the broader market, where average expense ratios usually range from 0.3% to 0.9%.

Dividends

DIA vs. VMFXX - Dividend Comparison

DIA's dividend yield for the trailing twelve months is around 1.37%, less than VMFXX's 3.87% yield.

Position	TTM	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017	2016	2015
DIA State Street SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust	1.37%	1.43%	1.61%	1.81%	1.91%	1.58%	1.87%	1.85%	2.24%	1.97%	2.26%	2.33%
VMFXX Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund	3.87%	4.14%	1.63%	4.53%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I hold both DIA and VMFXX in my portfolio?

DIA and VMFXX have a correlation of 0.03, meaning they provide meaningful diversification benefit when combined. Depending on your allocation goals, holding both could reduce overall portfolio risk.

Which is riskier, DIA or VMFXX?

DIA has higher volatility (4.32%) compared to VMFXX (0.30%). In terms of maximum drawdown, DIA dropped -51.87% vs VMFXX's 0.00%.

Which has better risk-adjusted returns?

VMFXX currently has the higher Sharpe Ratio (3.67 vs 1.69), meaning it's delivered slightly more return per unit of risk over the trailing 12 months. However, this ranking shifts over time - use the Risk/Return Score above for a more comprehensive view that combines Sharpe, Sortino, and other measures used by quantitative funds.