CALF vs. VOO

Last updated Aug 2, 2026

CALF (Pacer US Small Cap Cash Cows ETF) and VOO (Vanguard S&P 500 ETF) are both exchange-traded funds - CALF is a Small Cap Value Equities fund tracking the Pacer US Small Cap Cash Cows Index, while VOO is a S&P 500 fund tracking the S&P 500 Index. Both are passively managed. Over the past 5 years, CALF returned 6.29%/yr vs 12.83%/yr for VOO. Their 0.67 correlation means they have sometimes moved together and sometimes differently. CALF charges 0.59%/yr vs 0.03%/yr for VOO.

Performance

CALF vs. VOO - Performance Comparison

The chart below illustrates the hypothetical performance of a $10,000 investment in Pacer US Small Cap Cash Cows ETF (CALF) and Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (VOO). The values are adjusted to include any dividend payments, if applicable.

Returns By Period

In the year-to-date period, CALF achieves a 22.50% return, which is significantly higher than VOO's 10.16% return.

CALF

• 1D: -0.40%
• 1M: 4.89%
• 6M: 19.77%
• YTD: 22.50%
• 1Y: 39.59%
• 3Y*: 8.57%
• 5Y*: 6.29%
• 10Y*: —
• ALL TIME*: 10.37%

VOO

• 1D: 0.71%
• 1M: 0.26%
• 6M: 8.58%
• YTD: 10.16%
• 1Y: 21.58%
• 3Y*: 19.42%
• 5Y*: 12.83%
• 10Y*: 15.14%
• ALL TIME*: 14.78%

*Multi-year figures are annualized to reflect compound growth (CAGR)

Liquidity Comparison

Position	Avg. Volume Value (2W)	Avg. Volume Value (1M)	Avg. Volume Value (3M)
CALF Pacer US Small Cap Cash Cows ETF	$20.38M	$24.48M	$25.33M
VOO Vanguard S&P 500 ETF	$3.82B	$3.78B	$5.44B

CALF vs. VOO - Yearly Performance Comparison

	2026 (YTD)	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017
CALF Pacer US Small Cap Cash Cows ETF	22.50%	2.33%	-7.41%	35.43%	-15.20%	40.68%	16.55%	18.18%	-10.06%	5.78%
VOO Vanguard S&P 500 ETF	10.16%	17.82%	24.98%	26.32%	-18.17%	28.79%	18.32%	31.37%	-4.50%	11.16%

Correlation

The correlation between CALF and VOO is 0.49, which is low. Their historical price movements had little consistent relationship.

	Correlation
Correlation (1Y) Focuses on recent behavior, but can change the most.	0.49
Correlation (3Y) Balances recent behavior with more history.	0.62
Correlation (5Y) Shows whether the relationship held over a longer period.	0.70
Correlation (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history since Jun 19, 2017	0.67

The correlation between CALF and VOO shifts across timeframes, from 0.49 (1 year) to 0.70 (5 years), reflecting how their relationship changes across market environments.

CALF vs. VOO - Sectors Allocation Comparison

Sectors	CALF	VOO
Technology	23.4%	38.6%
Consumer Cyclical	23.2%	9.5%
Energy	13.7%	3.0%
Healthcare	11.6%	8.9%
Industrials	9.3%	8.5%
Communication Services	7.6%	9.9%
Consumer Defensive	5.3%	4.5%
Basic Materials	4.2%	1.7%
Real Estate	1.8%	1.8%
Financial Services	0.2%	11.4%
Utilities	-	2.2%

Return for Risk

CALF vs. VOO — Risk / Return Rank

Compare historical risk-adjusted metric ranks over the past 12 months.

CALF

CALF Risk / Return Rank: 92
CALF Sharpe Ratio Rank: 91
CALF Sortino Ratio Rank: 92
CALF Omega Ratio Rank: 89
CALF Calmar Ratio Rank: 96
CALF Martin Ratio Rank: 94

VOO

VOO Risk / Return Rank: 68
VOO Sharpe Ratio Rank: 68
VOO Sortino Ratio Rank: 65
VOO Omega Ratio Rank: 66
VOO Calmar Ratio Rank: 64
VOO Martin Ratio Rank: 76

The rank (0–100) uses a weighted average of the Sharpe, Sortino, Omega, Calmar, and Martin percentile ranks for the trailing 12 months. Higher means stronger historical risk-adjusted performance within the peer group.

CALF vs. VOO - Risk-Adjusted Trends Comparison

This table presents a comparison of risk-adjusted performance metrics for Pacer US Small Cap Cash Cows ETF (CALF) and Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (VOO). Risk-adjusted metrics are performance indicators that assess an investment's returns in relation to its risk, enabling a more accurate comparison of different investment options.

Values are calculated on a 1-year rolling basis and updated daily. Risk-adjusted metrics are more stable over longer periods — use the period switch above to explore them.

	CALF	VOO	Difference
Sharpe ratio: Return per unit of total volatility	2.30	1.53	+0.76
Sortino ratio: Return per unit of downside risk	3.30	2.13	+1.17
Omega ratio: Gain probability vs. loss probability	1.40	1.28	+0.13
Calmar ratio: Return relative to maximum drawdown	6.13	2.21	+3.92
Martin ratio: Return relative to average drawdown	17.68	9.44	+8.25

CALF vs. VOO - Sharpe Ratio Comparison

The current CALF Sharpe Ratio is 2.30, which is higher than the VOO Sharpe Ratio of 1.53. The chart below compares the historical Sharpe Ratios of CALF and VOO, calculated using daily returns over the previous 12 months. A higher Sharpe Ratio indicates better risk-adjusted performance relative to the risk-free rate.

Drawdowns

CALF vs. VOO - Drawdown Comparison

The maximum CALF drawdown since its inception was -47.58%, which is greater than VOO's maximum drawdown of -33.99%. Use the drawdown chart below to compare losses from any high point for CALF and VOO.

Drawdown Indicators

	CALF	VOO	Difference
Max Drawdown Largest peak-to-trough decline	-47.58%	-33.99%	-13.59%
Max Drawdown (1Y) Largest decline over 1 year	-6.02%	-8.90%	+2.88%
Max Drawdown (3Y) Largest decline over 3 years	-34.22%	-18.69%	-15.53%
Max Drawdown (5Y) Largest decline over 5 years	-34.22%	-24.52%	-9.70%
Max Drawdown (10Y) Largest decline over 10 years	—	-33.99%	—
Current Drawdown Current decline from peak	-1.88%	-1.38%	-0.50%
Average Drawdown Average peak-to-trough decline	-10.57%	-3.67%	-6.90%
Ulcer Index Depth and duration of drawdowns from previous peaks	2.09%	2.08%	+0.01%

Volatility

CALF vs. VOO - Volatility Comparison

Pacer US Small Cap Cash Cows ETF (CALF) has a higher volatility of 5.09% compared to Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (VOO) at 3.54%. This indicates that CALF's price experiences larger fluctuations and is considered to be riskier than VOO based on this measure. The chart below showcases a comparison of their rolling one-month volatility.

Volatility by Period

	CALF	VOO	Difference
Volatility (1M) Calculated over the trailing 1-month period	5.09%	3.54%	+1.55%
Volatility (6M) Calculated over the trailing 6-month period	11.64%	10.10%	+1.54%
Volatility (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	16.13%	12.82%	+3.31%
Volatility (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period, annualized	23.23%	16.93%	+6.30%
Volatility (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period, annualized	25.89%	18.01%	+7.88%

CALF vs. VOO - Expense Ratio Comparison

CALF has a 0.59% expense ratio, which is higher than VOO's 0.03% expense ratio.

Dividends

CALF vs. VOO - Dividend Comparison

CALF's dividend yield for the trailing twelve months is around 1.12%, more than VOO's 1.07% yield.

Position	TTM	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017	2016	2015
CALF Pacer US Small Cap Cash Cows ETF	1.12%	1.43%	1.07%	1.18%	0.85%	2.63%	0.82%	0.99%	1.39%	0.70%	0.00%	0.00%
VOO Vanguard S&P 500 ETF	1.07%	1.13%	1.24%	1.46%	1.69%	1.25%	1.54%	1.88%	2.06%	1.78%	2.02%	2.10%

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I hold both CALF and VOO in my portfolio?

CALF and VOO have a correlation of 0.49, meaning they provide meaningful diversification benefit when combined. Depending on your allocation goals, holding both could reduce overall portfolio risk.

Which is riskier, CALF or VOO?

CALF has higher volatility (5.09%) compared to VOO (3.54%). In terms of maximum drawdown, CALF dropped -47.58% vs VOO's -33.99%.

Which ETF is better, CALF or VOO?

On 5-year performance, VOO leads with 12.83% vs 6.29% for CALF. On fees, VOO is cheaper at 0.03% per year. On volatility, VOO has been the lower-risk option at 3.54%. The better choice depends on whether you care most about return, fees, risk, or income.

Which ETF has performed better, CALF or VOO?

Over the 5-year period, VOO has performed better with a 12.83% return vs 6.29%. Past performance does not guarantee future results, so compare this with risk, fees, and fund exposure.

Which ETF is cheaper, CALF or VOO?

VOO is cheaper with a 0.03% expense ratio, compared with 0.59% for CALF.

Which ETF pays a higher dividend yield, CALF or VOO?

CALF has the higher dividend yield at 1.12%, compared with 1.07% for VOO.

What is the main difference between CALF and VOO?

CALF is categorized as Small Cap Value Equities, while VOO is S&P 500. CALF tracks Pacer US Small Cap Cash Cows Index, while VOO tracks S&P 500 Index. They also come from different issuers: Pacer and Vanguard. Their fees differ too: 0.59% for CALF and 0.03% for VOO.

Which has better risk-adjusted returns?

CALF currently has the higher Sharpe Ratio (2.30 vs 1.53), meaning it's delivered slightly more return per unit of risk over the trailing 12 months. However, this ranking shifts over time - use the Risk/Return Score above for a more comprehensive view that combines Sharpe, Sortino, and other measures used by quantitative funds.