VPU vs. VHT

Last updated Jun 9, 2026

VPU (Vanguard Utilities ETF) and VHT (Vanguard Health Care ETF) are both exchange-traded funds - VPU is a Utilities Equities fund tracking the MSCI US Investable Market Utilities 25/50 Index, while VHT is a Health & Biotech Equities fund tracking the MSCI US Investable Market Health Care 25/50 Index. Both are passively managed. Over the past 10 years, VPU returned 8.85%/yr vs 9.66%/yr for VHT. At a 0.48 correlation, their price movements are largely independent. Both charge a 0.09% expense ratio.

Performance

VPU vs. VHT - Performance Comparison

The chart below illustrates the hypothetical performance of a $10,000 investment in Vanguard Utilities ETF (VPU) and Vanguard Health Care ETF (VHT). The values are adjusted to include any dividend payments, if applicable.

Returns By Period

In the year-to-date period, VPU achieves a 2.68% return, which is significantly higher than VHT's -1.21% return. Over the past 10 years, VPU has underperformed VHT with an annualized return of 8.85%, while VHT has yielded a comparatively higher 9.66% annualized return.

VPU

• 1D: -1.87%
• 1M: -2.65%
• YTD: 2.68%
• 6M: 3.11%
• 1Y: 10.68%
• 3Y*: 12.74%
• 5Y*: 8.91%
• 10Y*: 8.85%

VHT

• 1D: -0.29%
• 1M: 5.33%
• YTD: -1.21%
• 6M: 0.70%
• 1Y: 16.43%
• 3Y*: 7.21%
• 5Y*: 4.80%
• 10Y*: 9.66%

*Multi-year figures are annualized to reflect compound growth (CAGR)

VPU vs. VHT - Yearly Performance Comparison

	2026 (YTD)	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017
VPU Vanguard Utilities ETF	2.68%	16.46%	23.04%	-7.45%	1.06%	17.40%	-0.74%	24.89%	4.38%	12.44%
VHT Vanguard Health Care ETF	-1.21%	15.46%	2.66%	2.52%	-5.60%	20.57%	18.29%	21.87%	5.58%	23.26%

Correlation

The correlation between VPU and VHT is 0.24, which is low. Their price movements are largely independent, making them effective diversification partners.

	Correlation
Correlation (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	0.24
Correlation (3Y) Calculated over the trailing 3-year period	0.37
Correlation (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period	0.46
Correlation (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period	0.40
Correlation (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history since Feb 2, 2004	0.48

Over the past year, the correlation between VPU and VHT has dropped to 0.24 - well below their long-term average of 0.48, suggesting their price drivers have been diverging.

VPU vs. VHT - Sectors Allocation Comparison

Sectors	VPU	VHT
Utilities	99.3%	-
Energy	0.5%	-
Industrials	0.2%	0.0%
Basic Materials	-	-
Communication Services	-	-
Consumer Cyclical	-	-
Consumer Defensive	-	-
Financial Services	-	0.0%
Healthcare	-	100.0%
Real Estate	-	-
Technology	-	0.0%

Return for Risk

VPU vs. VHT — Risk / Return Rank

Compare risk-adjusted metric ranks to identify better-performing investments over the past 12 months.

VPU

VPU Risk / Return Rank: 23
VPU Sharpe Ratio Rank: 23
VPU Sortino Ratio Rank: 22
VPU Omega Ratio Rank: 22
VPU Calmar Ratio Rank: 27
VPU Martin Ratio Rank: 22

VHT

VHT Risk / Return Rank: 34
VHT Sharpe Ratio Rank: 34
VHT Sortino Ratio Rank: 37
VHT Omega Ratio Rank: 33
VHT Calmar Ratio Rank: 35
VHT Martin Ratio Rank: 30

The rank (0–100) shows how this investment's returns compare to the risk taken. Higher = better. Based on the past 12 months of data, combining Sharpe, Sortino, and other metrics used by quantitative funds and institutional investors.

VPU vs. VHT - Risk-Adjusted Trends Comparison

This table presents a comparison of risk-adjusted performance metrics for Vanguard Utilities ETF (VPU) and Vanguard Health Care ETF (VHT). Risk-adjusted metrics are performance indicators that assess an investment's returns in relation to its risk, enabling a more accurate comparison of different investment options.

	VPU	VHT	Difference
Sharpe ratio: Return per unit of total volatility	0.75	1.13	-0.38
Sortino ratio: Return per unit of downside risk	1.09	1.77	-0.68
Omega ratio: Gain probability vs. loss probability	1.14	1.20	-0.07
Calmar ratio: Return relative to maximum drawdown	1.20	1.59	-0.38
Martin ratio: Return relative to average drawdown	2.66	3.95	-1.29
Data is calculated on a 1-year rolling basis and updated daily. The trend shows the change in the indicator over the past month.

VPU vs. VHT - Sharpe Ratio Comparison

The current VPU Sharpe Ratio is 0.75, which is lower than the VHT Sharpe Ratio of 1.13. The chart below compares the historical Sharpe Ratios of VPU and VHT, calculated using daily returns over the previous 12 months. A higher Sharpe Ratio indicates better risk-adjusted performance relative to the risk-free rate.

Sharpe Ratios by Period

	VPU	VHT	Difference
Sharpe Ratio (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	0.75	1.13	-0.38
Sharpe Ratio (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period	0.52	0.32	+0.20
Sharpe Ratio (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period	0.46	0.57	-0.11
Sharpe Ratio (All Time) Calculated using the full available price history	0.53	0.57	-0.04

Drawdowns

VPU vs. VHT - Drawdown Comparison

The maximum VPU drawdown since its inception was -46.31%, which is greater than VHT's maximum drawdown of -39.12%. Use the drawdown chart below to compare losses from any high point for VPU and VHT.

Drawdown Indicators

	VPU	VHT	Difference
Max Drawdown Largest peak-to-trough decline	-46.31%	-39.12%	-7.19%
Max Drawdown (1Y) Largest decline over 1 year	-8.90%	-10.40%	+1.50%
Max Drawdown (3Y) Largest decline over 3 years	-17.34%	-16.91%	-0.43%
Max Drawdown (5Y) Largest decline over 5 years	-25.15%	-17.71%	-7.44%
Max Drawdown (10Y) Largest decline over 10 years	-36.42%	-28.85%	-7.57%
Current Drawdown Current decline from peak	-7.71%	-4.34%	-3.37%
Average Drawdown Average peak-to-trough decline	-7.78%	-5.99%	-1.79%
Ulcer Index Depth and duration of drawdowns from previous peaks	4.02%	4.17%	-0.15%

Volatility

VPU vs. VHT - Volatility Comparison

Vanguard Utilities ETF (VPU) has a higher volatility of 5.56% compared to Vanguard Health Care ETF (VHT) at 4.90%. This indicates that VPU's price experiences larger fluctuations and is considered to be riskier than VHT based on this measure. The chart below showcases a comparison of their rolling one-month volatility.

Volatility by Period

	VPU	VHT	Difference
Volatility (1M) Calculated over the trailing 1-month period	5.56%	4.90%	+0.66%
Volatility (6M) Calculated over the trailing 6-month period	11.53%	10.45%	+1.08%
Volatility (1Y) Calculated over the trailing 1-year period	14.38%	14.64%	-0.26%
Volatility (5Y) Calculated over the trailing 5-year period, annualized	17.07%	15.02%	+2.05%
Volatility (10Y) Calculated over the trailing 10-year period, annualized	19.14%	16.97%	+2.17%

VPU vs. VHT - Expense Ratio Comparison

Both VPU and VHT have an expense ratio of 0.09%, making them cost-effective options compared to the broader market, where average expense ratios typically range from 0.3% to 0.9%.

Dividends

VPU vs. VHT - Dividend Comparison

VPU's dividend yield for the trailing twelve months is around 2.70%, more than VHT's 1.66% yield.

Position	TTM	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020	2019	2018	2017	2016	2015
VHT Vanguard Health Care ETF	1.66%	1.61%	1.53%	1.36%	1.33%	1.14%	1.21%	1.89%	1.38%	1.31%	1.45%	1.22%
VPU Vanguard Utilities ETF	2.70%	2.73%	3.02%	3.49%	2.98%	2.70%	3.17%	2.83%	3.23%	3.18%	3.19%	3.63%

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I hold both VPU and VHT in my portfolio?

VPU and VHT have a correlation of 0.24, meaning they provide meaningful diversification benefit when combined. Depending on your allocation goals, holding both could reduce overall portfolio risk.

Which is riskier, VPU or VHT?

VPU has higher volatility (5.56%) compared to VHT (4.90%). In terms of maximum drawdown, VPU dropped -46.31% vs VHT's -39.12%.

Which ETF is better, VPU or VHT?

On 10-year performance, VHT leads with 9.66% vs 8.85% for VPU. Both ETFs have the same 0.09% expense ratio. On volatility, VHT has been the lower-risk option at 4.90%. The better choice depends on whether you care most about return, fees, risk, or income.

Which ETF has performed better, VPU or VHT?

Over the 10-year period, VHT has performed better with a 9.66% return vs 8.85%. Past performance does not guarantee future results, so compare this with risk, fees, and fund exposure.

Which ETF is cheaper, VPU or VHT?

VPU and VHT have the same expense ratio: 0.09% per year.

Which ETF pays a higher dividend yield, VPU or VHT?

VPU has the higher dividend yield at 2.70%, compared with 1.66% for VHT.

What is the main difference between VPU and VHT?

VPU is categorized as Utilities Equities, while VHT is Health & Biotech Equities. VPU tracks MSCI US Investable Market Utilities 25/50 Index, while VHT tracks MSCI US Investable Market Health Care 25/50 Index.

Which has better risk-adjusted returns?

VHT currently has the higher Sharpe Ratio (1.13 vs 0.75), meaning it's delivered slightly more return per unit of risk over the trailing 12 months. However, this ranking shifts over time - use the Risk/Return Score above for a more comprehensive view that combines Sharpe, Sortino, and other measures used by quantitative funds.